ReviewMediators of inflammation2021
Neuroinflammation: An Integrating Overview of Reactive-Neuroimmune Cell Interactions in Health and Disease.
Review in Mediators of inflammation, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 143 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
143 citing papers in PubMed.
- An In Vitro Model to Study Drugs That Affect Macrophage Adhesion to Murine Brain Endothelial Cells After Proinflammatory Insults of LPS and Pilocarpine.Bio-protocol · 2026Article
- Review
- Review
- Apigenin as a Potential Modulator of Neuroinflammation in Multiple Sclerosis: A Review.Biology · 2026Review
- Role of HMGB1 in Neuroinflammation.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Semaphorins and Their Role in Neuropathic Pain.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Role of human RNase 7 in neuronal and glial cell models: moving towards an unexpected new functional link.The FEBS journal · 2026Article
- Dietary allergen promotes sex-specific leukocyte trafficking and alters the brain immune cell populations in subclinically sensitized mice.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2026Article
- KLF4 in Parkinson's Disease: Decoding the Molecular Puzzle of Neuroinflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Emerging Therapies.Current medical science · 2026Review
- Neuroprotective Effects of Polyphenol-Rich Corinthian Currant Against a Rotenone Parkinson's Disease Model: Mitigation of MAO-B and Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines Upregulation in Motor and Limbic Brain Regions.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Beyond the Gut: Brain Fog, Sleep Quality, Cognitive Function and Quality of Life in Celiac Disease.Nutrients · 2026Observational
- TREM2 in neurodegeneration and diseases.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Review
- Smart sensing the spectrum: cutting-edge biosensor and biomarker approaches for early autism detection.Metabolic brain disease · 2026Review
- Early-life gastrointestinal inflammation and the developing brain: Unravelling the pathways to long-term cognitive dysfunction.World journal of clinical pediatrics · 2026Review
- Enigma of autism regression mechanistic pathways, clinical phenotypes, and early intervention implications.World journal of clinical pediatrics · 2026Review
- Polygala oligosaccharide esters improve memory disorder by restoring gut microbiota homeostasis through the regulation of the "gut-brain" axis.Chinese medicine · 2026Article
- Lappaconitine protects SH-SY5Y cells from TNF-α-induced mitochondrial apoptosis by blocking the Bax-dependent Caspase-3 signaling pathway.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Cerebroprotective potential of ceftriaxone against cadmium chloride-induced cerebral inflammatory changes and oxidative insult.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Neuroinflammation: an unfortunate term to describe schizophrenia.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Review
- Immunomodulatory Effects of Anti-Epileptic Drug Lacosamide on Mammalian Macrophages.Cell biochemistry and biophysics · 2026Article
83 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The concept of central nervous system (CNS) inflammation has evolved over the last decades. Neuroinflammation is the response of reactive CNS components to altered homeostasis, regardless of the cause to be endogenous or exogenous. Neurological diseases, whether traumatic, neoplastic, ischemic, metabolic, toxic, infectious, autoimmune, developmental, or degenerative, involve direct and indirect immune-related neuroinflammation. Brain infiltrates of the innate and adaptive immune system cells appear in response to an infective or otherwise noxious agent and produce inflammatory mediators. Mediators of inflammation include local and recruited cells and signals. Processes derived from extrinsic and intrinsic CNS diseases also elicit the CNS inflammatory response. A deeper understanding of immune-related inflammation in health and disease is necessary to find potential therapeutic targets for preventing or reducing CNS damage. This review is aimed at discussing the innate and adaptive immune system functions and their roles in regulating brain cell responses in disease and homeostasis maintenance.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.