ReviewNature reviews. Microbiology2021
Optimizing antimicrobial use: challenges, advances and opportunities.
Review in Nature reviews. Microbiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 69 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
69 citing papers in PubMed, 127 citations in OpenAlex.
- Population pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modeling to optimize aztreonam-avibactam dose regimens for adult patients.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2025Trial
- Unraveling the impact of therapeutic drug monitoring via machine learning for patients with sepsis.Cell reports. Medicine · 2024Trial
- Towards pharmacokinetic boosting of phenoxymethylpenicillin (penicillin-V) using probenecid for the treatment of bacterial infections.Scientific reports · 2024Trial
- Continuous Molecular Monitoring Using Electrochemical Aptamer-Based Sensors: Remaining Challenges for Long-Term In Vivo Deployment.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- How Does the Time from Intraoperative Culture Harvest to Incubation Impact Culture Positivity in Orthopaedic Surgeries? A Case-Control Study.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Repurposing FDA-Approved Drugs to Inhibit Fungal PPTases for Broad-Spectrum Synergy.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Pharmacokinetic analysis of nacubactam, a novel β-lactamase inhibitor, co-administered with meropenem in patients with a complicated urinary tract infection.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2026Article
- Antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia Coli and Salmonella in poultry production and spread and effect in the one health framework.Poultry science · 2026Review
- Pharmacokinetics and Customized Dosing of Vancomycin in Adult Patients With Hematological Malignancies: Status, Challenges, and Opportunities.Pharmacology research & perspectives · 2026Review
- Exploring the opportunity for therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) and precision dose antimicrobials in an outpatient antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) service: a prospective observational study.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2026Observational
- Artificial intelligence for improving decision-making in bacterial infection management: a narrative review.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2026Review
- Automated microbial recognition from gram-stained micrographs via CNN and metadata decision support.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- A validated LC-ESI-MS/MS assay for simultaneous plasma quantification of 11 antimicrobials to support personalized dosing in critically ill children.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2026Article
- Next-generation hybrid bioanalytical platforms and clinical integration of TDM technologies for precision monitoring to optimize last-resort antibiotic therapy.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Antimicrobial stewardship competencies in undergraduate dental education: a multicentre cross-sectional study of clinical dental students in Southern Nigeria.BMC medical education · 2025Article
- Gut microbiome dysbiosis and antimicrobial resistance in the Middle East: a converging public health crisis in conflict and fragile settings.Archives of microbiology · 2025Review
- Pharmacological Management of Oral and Esophageal Candidiasis: A Clinical Pharmacotherapy Perspective.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- DOSAGE: Dataset for Optimized Safe Antibiotic Guidelines and Estimates.Scientific data · 2025Article
- Quantitative Lateral Flow Assay for Meropenem Determination: A Proof-of-Concept Study.ACS omega · 2025Article
- Changes in antibiotic use associated with the National Centralized Drug Procurement policy in China from 2019 to 2023.Scientific reports · 2025Article
9 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
An optimal antimicrobial dose provides enough drug to achieve a clinical response while minimizing toxicity and development of drug resistance. There can be considerable variability in pharmacokinetics, for example, owing to comorbidities or other medications, which affects antimicrobial pharmacodynamics and, thus, treatment success. Although current approaches to antimicrobial dose optimization address fixed variability, better methods to monitor and rapidly adjust antimicrobial dosing are required to understand and react to residual variability that occurs within and between individuals. We review current challenges to the wider implementation of antimicrobial dose optimization and highlight novel solutions, including biosensor-based, real-time therapeutic drug monitoring and computer-controlled, closed-loop control systems. Precision antimicrobial dosing promises to improve patient outcome and is important for antimicrobial stewardship and the prevention of antimicrobial resistance.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.