Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34157971›Full record

ArticleBMC neuroscience2021

Phenotypic overlap between atopic dermatitis and autism.

Kyong-Oh Shin, Debra A Crumrine, Sungeun Kim, Yerin Lee, Bogyeong Kim, Katrina Abuabara, Chaehyeong Park, Yoshikazu Uchida, Joan S Wakefield, Jason M Meyer and 4 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC neuroscience, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Skin Care Supports Overall Well-Being.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2025
    Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. The Psychology of Atopic Dermatitis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024
    Review
  11. Is Atopic Dermatitis Only a Skin Disease?International journal of molecular sciences · 2023
    Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Kyong-Oh ShinDepartment of Food Science/Nutrition, & Convergence Program of Material Science for Medicine/Pharmaceutics, and the Korean Institute of Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea.
Debra A CrumrineDept. of Dermatology, University of California, NCIRE, and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 4150 Clement Street, MS 190, San Francisco, CA, 94121, USA.
Sungeun KimDepartment of Food Science/Nutrition, & Convergence Program of Material Science for Medicine/Pharmaceutics, and the Korean Institute of Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea.
Yerin LeeDepartment of Food Science/Nutrition, & Convergence Program of Material Science for Medicine/Pharmaceutics, and the Korean Institute of Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea.
Bogyeong KimDepartment of Food Science/Nutrition, & Convergence Program of Material Science for Medicine/Pharmaceutics, and the Korean Institute of Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea.
Katrina AbuabaraDepartment of Dermatology, University of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Chaehyeong ParkDept. of Dermatology, University of California, NCIRE, and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 4150 Clement Street, MS 190, San Francisco, CA, 94121, USA.
Yoshikazu UchidaDept. of Dermatology, University of California, NCIRE, and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 4150 Clement Street, MS 190, San Francisco, CA, 94121, USA.
Joan S WakefieldDept. of Dermatology, University of California, NCIRE, and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 4150 Clement Street, MS 190, San Francisco, CA, 94121, USA.
Jason M MeyerDept. of Dermatology, University of California, NCIRE, and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 4150 Clement Street, MS 190, San Francisco, CA, 94121, USA.
Sekyoo JeongDept of Cosmetic Science, Seowon University, Cheongju, South Korea.
Byeong Deog ParkSphingobrain Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA.
Kyungho ParkDepartment of Food Science/Nutrition, & Convergence Program of Material Science for Medicine/Pharmaceutics, and the Korean Institute of Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea. hopark78@gmail.com.
Peter M EliasDept. of Dermatology, University of California, NCIRE, and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 4150 Clement Street, MS 190, San Francisco, CA, 94121, USA. peter.elias@ucsf.edu.ORCID 0000-0001-7989-4032

Funding

Pathogenesis and Therapy of Ichthyosis in Disorders of Lipid MetabolismR01AR061106 · NIAMS · NORTHERN CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE/RES/EDU · PI MAURO, THEODORA M · 2012 to 2022
$3.3M
NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR061106NIH HHS R01 AR061106
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAutism, a childhood behavioral disorder, belongs to a large suite of diseases, collectively referred to as autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Though multifactorial in etiology, approximately 10% of ASD are associated with atopic dermatitis (AD). Moreover, ASD prevalence increases further as AD severity worsens, though these disorders share no common causative mutations. We assessed here the link between these two disorders in the standard, valproic acid mouse model of ASD. In prior studies, there was no evidence of skin involvement, but we hypothesized that cutaneous involvement could be detected in experiments conducted in BALB/c mice. BALB/c is an albino, laboratory-bred strain of the house mouse and is among the most widely used inbred strains used in animal experimentation.

methodsWe performed our studies in valproic acid (VPA)-treated BALB/c hairless mice, a standard mouse model of ASD. Mid-trimester pregnant mice received a single intraperitoneal injection of either valproic acid sodium salt dissolved in saline or saline alone on embryonic day 12.5 and were housed individually until postnatal day 21. Only the brain and epidermis appeared to be affected, while other tissues remain unchanged. At various postnatal time points, brain, skin and blood samples were obtained for histology and for quantitation of tissue sphingolipid content and cytokine levels.

resultsAD-like changes in ceramide content occurred by day one postpartum in both VPA-treated mouse skin and brain. The temporal co-emergence of AD and ASD, and the AD phenotype-dependent increase in ASD prevalence correlated with early appearance of cytokine markers (i.e., interleukin [IL]-4, 5, and 13), as well as mast cells in skin and brain. The high levels of interferon (IFN)γ not only in skin, but also in brain likely account for a significant decline in esterified very-long-chain N-acyl fatty acids in brain ceramides, again mimicking known IFNγ-induced changes in AD.

conclusionBaseline involvement of both AD and ASD could reflect concurrent neuro- and epidermal toxicity, possibly because both epidermis and neural tissues originate from the embryonic neuroectoderm. These studies illuminate the shared susceptibility of the brain and epidermis to a known neurotoxin, suggesting that the atopic diathesis could be extended to include ASD.

Indexed as

PhenotypeAnimalsAnticonvulsantsAutistic DisorderDermatitis, AtopicFemaleInflammation MediatorsMaze LearningMiceMice, Inbred BALB CPregnancyPrenatal Exposure Delayed EffectsValproic AcidAnticonvulsantsInflammation MediatorsValproic AcidAtopic dermatitisAutismAutism spectrum disordersBlood–brain barrierIFNγIL-4, 5, 13 and 17ATNFαValproic acid mouse model

Identifiers

PMID34157971
PMCPMC8218496

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.