SynthesisPloS one2021
A meta-analysis of cohort studies: Traumatic brain injury and risk of Alzheimer's Disease.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects and neuroprotective mechanisms of vagus nerve stimulation on cognitive impairment with traumatic brain injury in animal studies: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Pooled it
- Delirium in Patients With Traumatic Brain Injury and Long-Term Cognitive Decline: A Global Federated Real World Data Analysis.European journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- Traumatic Brain Injury and the Road to Alzheimer's Disease.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Health Outcomes Following Traumatic Brain Injury: An Umbrella Review.Neuropsychology review · 2026Review
- Telomerase mRNA-Lipid nanoparticles attenuate neuroinflammation after traumatic brain injury in mice.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2026Article
- Telomerase mRNA-Lipid nanoparticles attenuate neuroinflammation after traumatic brain injury in mice.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- MSC-Exosomes alleviate cognitive impairment after mild traumatic brain injury by inhibiting ferroptosis via PI3K/AKT/mTOR-mediated upregulation of GPX4.Functional & integrative genomics · 2025Article
- Pathological Calcium Signaling in Traumatic Brain Injury and Alzheimer's Disease: From Acute Neuronal Injury to Chronic Neurodegeneration.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Dementia Risk Due to Traumatic Brain Injury in Subtypes of Dementia in the Welsh Population.Neurology · 2025Observational
- Association Between Metabolic and Inflammatory Biomarkers and Prognosis in Traumatic Brain Injury: A Focus on Short- and Medium-Term Mortality.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Article
- Amyloid-β and tau deposition in traumatic brain injury: a study of Vietnam War veterans.Brain communications · 2025Article
- Cellular therapy for traumatic brain injury in adults: a meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2025Review
- Case Study 8: A 70-Year-Old Man With Memory Loss, Wandering, and Inappropriate Behaviors.The Journal of neuropsychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2025Article
- The Association Between Traumatic Brain Injury and the Risk of Cognitive Decline: An Umbrella Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Brain sciences · 2024Review
- Targeting cis-p-tau and neuro-related gene expression in traumatic brain injury: therapeutic insights from TC-DAPK6 treatment in mice.Molecular biology reports · 2024Article
- Epidemiology of Traumatic Brain Injury in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Iranian journal of public health · 2023Review
- Hot Spots for the Use of Intranasal Insulin: Cerebral Ischemia, Brain Injury, Diabetes Mellitus, Endocrine Disorders and Postoperative Delirium.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Understanding the Molecular Progression of Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy in Traumatic Brain Injury, Aging and Neurodegenerative Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Early Aβ42 Exposure Causes Learning Impairment in Later Life.Aging and disease · 2022Article
- Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Results in Significant and Lasting Cortical Demyelination.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionRecently, some epidemiological studies have reported that cognitive disorders in elderly people is accelerated with traumatic brain injury. But the causal relationship between traumatic brain injury and AD is still an area of controversy.
aimsOur review was conducted to estimate the relation between traumatic brain injury and risk of AD.
methodsAll longitudinal population-based studies comparing incidence of AD between subjects with and without traumatic brain injury from their inception to September 2020 were searched in The Cochrane Library, PubMed, Medline, Embase, Web of Science without restriction of language. The meta-analysis was conducted using Stata software.
resultsA total of 17 studies involving 4289,548 individuals were included. After pooling these 17 studies, subjects with traumatic brain injury had significant higher incidence of AD than those without traumatic brain injury (RR: 1.17, 95% CI: 1.05-1.29). When considering the severity of traumatic brain injury, this elevated risk of AD was still significant comparing subjects with moderate and severe traumatic brain injury and those with no traumatic brain injury (RR: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.01-1.59).
conclusionTraumatic brain injury, especially moderate and severe traumatic brain injury may be associated with increased risk of AD.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.