ArticleScientific reports2021
Interaction between genetic predisposition, smoking, and dementia risk: a population-based cohort study.
Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genome-wide association study provides insights into the genetic basis of Lewy body dementia.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Smoking Interacts WithBiological psychiatry global open science · 2026Article
- Heterogeneity in the association between APOE ε4 carrier status and dementia risk by modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors.GeroScience · 2026Article
- A Multi-Locus and Machine Learning-Based Assessment of SNCA Variants in Alzheimer's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- UK Biobank at 20 - a growing, global resource for dementia research.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2026Review
- Prevention of cognitive decline and dementia: Current evidence on lifestyle factors and dietary patterns.EXCLI journal · 2026Review
- Smoking is associated with increased risk for dementia: the HUNT study, Norway.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Understanding Interactions Between Life Satisfaction and Genetic Predisposition on Risk of Alzheimer's Disease up to 14 Years Later: Findings From the UK Biobank.International journal of geriatric psychiatry · 2025Article
- Risk factors of dementia in a cohort of individuals with mild cognitive impairment in the Italian Interceptor project.European journal of neurology · 2025Article
- The current status, trends, and challenges of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias in Asia (1990-2036).Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- A case for seeking sex-specific treatments in Alzheimer's disease.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2024Review
- Transcriptomic Analysis of Alzheimer's Disease Pathways in a Pakistani Population.Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports · 2024Article
- Socioeconomic Deprivation, Genetic Risk, and Incident Dementia.American journal of preventive medicine · 2023Article
- Education counteracts the genetic risk of Alzheimer's disease without an interaction effect.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Risk of dementia according to the smoking habit change after ischemic stroke: a nationwide population-based cohort study.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Interactions between the apolipoprotein E4 gene and modifiable risk factors for cognitive impairment: a nationally representative panel study.BMC geriatrics · 2022Article
- Impact of Cigarette Smoking and Its Interaction with Hypertension and Diabetes on Cognitive Function in Older Americans.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2022Article
- Exploring the Role of Physical Activity in Individuals with Comorbid Cancer and Dementia: A Scoping Review.Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders extraReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
We evaluated whether the association between cigarette smoking and dementia risk is modified by genetic predisposition including apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype and polygenic risk (excluding the APOE region). We included 193,198 UK Biobank participants aged 60-73 years without dementia at baseline. Of non-APOE-ε4 carriers, 0.89% (95% CI 0.73-1.08%) current smokers developed dementia compared with 0.49% (95% CI 0.44-0.55%) of never smokers (adjusted HR 1.78; 95% CI 1.39-2.29). In contrast, of one APOE-ε4 allele carriers, 1.69% (95% CI 1.31-2.12%) current smokers developed dementia compared with 1.40% (95% CI 1.25-1.55%) of never smokers (adjusted HR 1.06; 95% CI 0.77-1.45); of two APOE-ε4 alleles carriers, 4.90% (95% CI 2.92-7.61%) current smokers developed dementia compared with 3.87% (95% CI 3.11-4.74%) of never smokers (adjusted HR 0.94; 95% CI 0.49-1.79). Of participants with high polygenic risk, 1.77% (95% CI 1.35-2.27%) current smokers developed dementia compared with 1.05% (95% CI 0.91-1.21%) of never smokers (adjusted HR 1.63; 95% CI 1.16-2.28). A significant interaction was found between APOE genotype and smoking status (P = 0.002) while no significant interaction was identified between polygenic risk and smoking status (P = 0.25). APOE genotype but not polygenic risk modified the effect of smoking on dementia risk.
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