ArticleBMC medical education2021
Development, production and evaluation of 2-dimensional transfer tattoos to simulate skin conditions in health professions education.
Article in BMC medical education, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Moulage safety practice around the world: a framework for best practice.Advances in simulation (London, England) · 2026Article
- Simulated patients' role-portrayal in the clinical skills part of the Swiss federal licensing exam is of high quality and improves further over time as measured with the FAIR OSCE instrument.GMS journal for medical education · 2025Article
- Development and evaluation of three-dimensional transfers to depict skin conditions in simulation-based education.GMS journal for medical education · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMoulages can greatly extend the possibilities of simulation in teaching and assessment. Since moulages that fit an educator's exact needs are often unavailable commercially, this paper explains how 2-dimensional transfer tattoos can be independently developed, produced, and evaluated.
methodsFrom representative photographs of the specific skin condition an analogue copy of the pathological finding is drawn. Once validated by the medical expert, it can be digitized by scanning and processed using graphics software. The final digital image file is printed onto transfer paper. Once applied and fixed onto the intended wearer, usually a simulated patient, its authenticity can be confirmed, and further transfer tattoos can be produced.
resultsUsing this moulage technique we produced 10 different 2-dimensional transfer tattoos to date, including hematoma, Janeway lesions and splinter nails. These moulages are used in clinical skills training, formative and high-stakes summative assessment in undergraduate medical and nursing programs.
conclusionsBy sharing our development process for 2-dimensional transfer tattoos, health profession educators can produce their own that best fit their local educational needs. Due to their high authenticity and standardization, 2-dimensional transfer tattoos are ideal for use in high-stakes assessment.
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