Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34153174›Full record

ReviewLiver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver2021

Estrogens in polycystic liver disease: A target for future therapies?

Sophie E Aapkes, Lucas H P Bernts, Thijs R M Barten, Marjan van den Berg, Ron T Gansevoort, Joost P H Drenth

Open access · hybridAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed
4.0field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Liver transplantation indications and strategies in polycystic liver disease: A European survey.Liver transplantation : official publication of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and the International Liver Transplantation Society · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Nephrectomy in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease: a consensus statement of the ERA Genes & Kidney Working Group.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2025
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease: Extrarenal Involvement.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024
    Review
  14. Sex differences in chronic liver disease and benign liver lesions.JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology · 2023
    Review
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Estrogens in polycystic liver disease: A target for future therapies?Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2021
    Review
  19. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Sophie E AapkesDepartment of Nephrology, University Medical Center Groningen, University Hospital Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-2037-1832
Lucas H P BerntsDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-0945-5004
Thijs R M BartenDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
Marjan van den BergDepartment of Gynaecology, University Medical Center Groningen, University Hospital Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Ron T GansevoortDepartment of Nephrology, University Medical Center Groningen, University Hospital Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Joost P H DrenthDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0001-8027-3073
Radboud University Nijmegen · NLUniversity Medical Center Groningen · NL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

aimsPatients suffering from polycystic liver disease (PLD) can develop large liver volumes, leading to physical and psychological complaints, reducing quality of life. There is an unmet need for new therapies in these patients. Estrogen seems to be a promising target for new therapies. In this review, we summarize the available experimental and epidemiological evidence to unravel the role of estrogens and other female hormones in PLD, to answer clinical questions and identify new targets for therapy.

methodsWe identified all experimental and epidemiologial studies concerning estrogens or other female hormones and PLD, to answer pre-defined clinial questions.

resultsFemale sex is the most important risk factor for the presence and severity of disease; estrogen supplementation enhances liver growth and after menopause, liver growth decreases. Experimental studies show the presence of the estrogen receptors alfa and beta on cystic cholangiocytes, and increased in vitro growth after administration of estrogen.

conclusionsBased on the available evidence, female PLD patients should be discouraged from taking estrogen-containing contraceptives or hormone replacement therapy. Since liver growth rates decline after menopause, treatment decisions should be based on measured liver growth in postmenopausal women. Finally, blockage of estrogen receptors or estrogen production is a promising target for new therapies.

Indexed as

CystsLiver DiseasesEstrogen Replacement TherapyEstrogensFemaleHumansQuality of LifeEstrogensADPKDestrogenGnRH analoguespolycystic liver diseaseprogesteronetamoxifen

Identifiers

PMID34153174
PMCPMC8456902
OpenAlexW3174124324

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.