ArticleMolecular biology and evolution2021
Genetic Admixture in the Culturally Unique Peranakan Chinese Population in Southeast Asia.
Article in Molecular biology and evolution, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Allele frequency patterns of 78,122,254 SNPs illuminate diverse possible evolutionary trajectories of human populations.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- The Singapore National Precision Medicine Strategy.Nature genetics · 2023Review
- South Asian maternal and paternal lineages in southern Thailand and the role of sex-biased admixture.PloS one · 2023Article
- Analysis of clinically relevant variants from ancestrally diverse Asian genomes.Nature communications · 2022Article
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11 authors.
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Abstract
The Peranakan Chinese are culturally unique descendants of immigrants from China who settled in the Malay Archipelago ∼300-500 years ago. Today, among large communities in Southeast Asia, the Peranakans have preserved Chinese traditions with strong influence from the local indigenous Malays. Yet, whether or to what extent genetic admixture co-occurred with the cultural mixture has been a topic of ongoing debate. We performed whole-genome sequencing (WGS) on 177 Singapore (SG) Peranakans and analyzed the data jointly with WGS data of Asian and European populations. We estimated that Peranakan Chinese inherited ∼5.62% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.76-6.49%) Malay ancestry, much higher than that in SG Chinese (1.08%, 0.65-1.51%), southern Chinese (0.86%, 0.50-1.23%), and northern Chinese (0.25%, 0.18-0.32%). A sex-biased admixture history, in which the Malay ancestry was contributed primarily by females, was supported by X chromosomal variants, and mitochondrial (MT) and Y haplogroups. Finally, we identified an ancient admixture event shared by Peranakan Chinese and SG Chinese ∼1,612 (95% CI: 1,345-1,923) years ago, coinciding with the settlement history of Han Chinese in southern China, apart from the recent admixture event with Malays unique to Peranakan Chinese ∼190 (159-213) years ago. These findings greatly advance our understanding of the dispersal history of Chinese and their interaction with indigenous populations in Southeast Asia.
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