ArticleDiabetes spectrum : a publication of the American Diabetes Association2021
Time in Range as a Research Outcome Measure.
Article in Diabetes spectrum : a publication of the American Diabetes Association, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Evaluating Time in Range for Visual Acuity and Macular Thickness as Outcome Measures for Randomized Clinical Trials.Translational vision science & technology · 2026Article
- Development and standardisation of 'time-in-range' measurement for clinical endpoints in retinal diseases.Eye (London, England) · 2026Review
- Long-term health benefit and economic return of time in range (TIR) improvement in individuals with type 2 diabetes.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Article
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- System Failure in Type 1 Diabetes: What Stakeholders Need to Know to Expedite Therapeutic Options.Diabetes spectrum : a publication of the American Diabetes Association · 2025Article
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- Time in Range Estimation in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes is Improved by Incorporating Fasting and Postprandial Glucose Levels.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2023Article
- Investigating the value of glucodensity analysis of continuous glucose monitoring data in type 1 diabetes: an exploratory analysis.Frontiers in clinical diabetes and healthcare · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Time in range (TIR) is gaining ground as an outcome measure in type 1 diabetes trials. However, inclusion of TIR raises several issues for trial design. In this article, the authors begin by defining TIR and describing the current international consensus around TIR targets. They then expand on evidence for the validity of TIR as a primary clinical trial outcome before concluding with some practical, ethical, and logistical implications.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.