Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34148292›Full record

ArticleChemical biology & drug design2021

Fragment-based in silico design of SARS-CoV-2 main protease inhibitors.

Sarfraz Ahmad, Muhammad Usman Mirza, Lee Yean Kee, Mamoona Nazir, Noorsaadah Abdul Rahman, John F Trant, Iskandar Abdullah

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Chemical biology & drug design, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. In Silico Design of New Dual Inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 MInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Antimicrobial and Hepatoprotective Properties of Pods ofDose-response : a publication of International Hormesis Society
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Sarfraz AhmadDrug Design Development Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Muhammad Usman MirzaDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada.
Lee Yean KeeDrug Design Development Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Mamoona NazirDepartment of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.
Noorsaadah Abdul RahmanDrug Design Development Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
John F TrantDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada.
Iskandar AbdullahDrug Design Development Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Funding

Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada 553704-20Universiti Malaya IIRG003A-2019
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

3CLpro is essential for SARS-CoV-2 replication and infection; its inhibition using small molecules is a potential therapeutic strategy. In this study, a comprehensive crystallography-guided fragment-based drug discovery approach was employed to design new inhibitors for SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro. All small molecules co-crystallized with SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro with structures deposited in the Protein Data Bank were used as inputs. Fragments sitting in the binding pocket (87) were grouped into eight geographical types. They were interactively coupled using various synthetically reasonable linkers to generate larger molecules with divalent binding modes taking advantage of two different fragments' interactions. In total, 1,251 compounds were proposed, and 7,158 stereoisomers were screened using Glide (standard precision and extra precision), AutoDock Vina, and Prime MMGBSA. The top 22 hits having conformations approaching the linear combination of their constituent fragments were selected for MD simulation on Desmond. MD simulation suggested 15 of these did adopt conformations very close to their constituent pieces with far higher binding affinity than either constituent domain alone. These structures could provide a starting point for the further design of SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro inhibitors with improved binding, and structures are provided.

Indexed as

COVID-19 Drug TreatmentAntiviral AgentsCrystallizationDrug DesignHumansMolecular Docking SimulationMolecular Dynamics SimulationMultivariate AnalysisProtein BindingProtein ConformationSARS-CoV-2StereoisomerismStructure-Activity RelationshipViral Protease InhibitorsViral ProteasesAntiviral AgentsViral Protease InhibitorsViral Proteasescoronavirus COVID-19fragment-based drug discoverymain protease Mpro 3CLpromultivalencySARS-CoV-2X-ray crystal structure

Identifiers

PMID34148292
PMCPMC8444677

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.