SynthesisArchivum immunologiae et therapiae experimentalis2021
CTLA-4 Expression and Its Clinical Significance in Breast Cancer.
Synthesis in Archivum immunologiae et therapiae experimentalis, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Addition of immune checkpoint inhibitors to chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone in patients with triple-negative breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Cancer medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Adjuvant Trastuzumab Emtansine Versus Paclitaxel Plus Trastuzumab for Stage I Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-Positive Breast Cancer: 5-Year Results and Correlative Analyses From ATEMPT.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2024Trial
- Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in triple-negative breast cancer: molecular mechanisms, spatial regulation, and therapeutic implications.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2026Review
- Docetaxel treatment together with CTLA-4 knockdown enhances reduction of cell viability and amplifies apoptosis stimulation of MCF-7 breast cancer cells.Cytotechnology · 2025Article
- Clinical Progress of Targeted Therapy for Breast Cancer: A Comprehensive Review.Current cancer drug targets · 2025Review
- Molecular Subtyping of Hepatocellular Carcinoma via Lysosome-Related Genes for Prognosis and Therapy Prediction.International journal of general medicine · 2025Article
- New progress in imaging diagnosis and immunotherapy of breast cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Impact of Molecular Profiling on Therapy Management in Breast Cancer.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Review
- Exploring the Immunological Profile in Breast Cancer: Recent Advances in Diagnosis and Prognosis through Circulating Tumor Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Recent Advances in Immunotherapy for Breast Cancer: A Review.Breast cancer (Dove Medical Press) · 2024Review
- A bibliometric analysis of drug resistance in immunotherapy for breast cancer: trends, themes, and research focus.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Molecular and serological biomarkers to predict trastuzumab responsiveness in HER-2 positive breast cancer.Journal of medicine and life · 2023Article
- Unveiling the Immune Microenvironment's Role in Breast Cancer: A Glimpse into Promising Frontiers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Herpesvirus entry mediator as a potential biomarker in breast cancer compared with conventional cytotoxic T‑lymphocyte‑associated antigen 4.Biomedical reports · 2023Article
- Establishment of cancer-associated fibroblasts-related subtypes and prognostic index for prostate cancer through single-cell and bulk RNA transcriptome.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Membrane tension-mediated stiff and soft tumor subtypes closely associated with prognosis for prostate cancer patients.European journal of medical research · 2023Article
- Impact of [Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Breast cancer is the leading cause of women's death among all cancers. The main reason associated with this is the development of metastasis and therapy-resistant breast carcinoma (BC), which pose the main challenge of oncology nowadays. Evidence suggest that these tumors seem to have inhibitory mechanisms that may favor their progression and surveillance. Cancer cells can evade antitumor T cell responses by expressing some immune inhibitory molecules such as the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4), whose clinical meaning has emerged in the last few years and is poorly understood in the BC context. This systematic literature review aims at identifying studies on CTLA-4 expression in BC, and address what is known about its clinical meaning. A literature search was performed in PubMed and LILACS databases, using the MESH terms "breast cancer"; "CTLA-4 Antigen/antagonists and inhibitors"; and "Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/immunology", published in the last 10 years. In total, 12 studies were included in this review. Systematic review used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Despite the small number of eligible studies, the literature reports some associations between CTLA-4 expression in the tumor microenvironment and worse BC outcomes, regardless of its molecular subtype. CTLA-4 expression in BC is a putative marker of clinical significance and a rationale therapeutic target in the emerging field of immunotherapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.