ArticleChild psychiatry and human development2022
Transgender Youth Executive Functioning: Relationships with Anxiety Symptoms, Autism Spectrum Disorder, and Gender-Affirming Medical Treatment Status.
Article in Child psychiatry and human development, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gender Diversity, Gender Dysphoria/Incongruence, and the Intersection with Autism Spectrum Disorders: An Updated Scoping Review.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2026Article
- Anxiety symptoms and self-reported executive functioning in transgender and gender nonconforming adults: associations with autistic traits and depression.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Rapid review of gender-affirming healthcare for children and adolescents: Evidence synthesis (2021-2025) and recommendations for South Africa.Southern African journal of HIV medicine · 2026Review
- Psychological and Physical Health Outcomes Associated with Gender-Affirming Medical Care for Transgender and Gender-Diverse Youth: A Critical Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Citation Issues in the American Academy of Pediatrics Policy Statement on Transgender and Gender-Diverse Children and Adolescents (Rafferty, 2018).Archives of sexual behavior · 2025Article
- Research methods at the intersection of gender diversity and autism: A scoping review.Autism : the international journal of research and practice · 2024Article
- Depression and anxiety in transgender and non-binary adolescents: prevalence and associations between adolescent and caregiver reports.European journal of pediatrics · 2024Article
- Time is of the essence: Age at autism diagnosis, sex assigned at birth, and psychopathology.Autism : the international journal of research and practice · 2024Article
- The Transgender and Gender Diverse and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Nexus: A Systematic Review.Journal of gay & lesbian mental health · 2024Article
- Supporting the health and wellbeing of trans autistic school-aged youth: a systematic literature review.International journal of transgender health · 2024Review
- The lived experience of gender dysphoria in autistic young people: a phenomenological study with young people and their parents.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2023Article
- Reproductive and Fertility Knowledge and Attitudes Among Transgender and Gender-Expansive Youth: A Replication and Extension.Transgender health · 2023Article
- Health Care Disparities Among Autistic LGBTQ+ People.Autism in adulthood · 2023Article
- Brief Report: An Exploration of Alexithymia in Autistic and Nonautistic Transgender Adults.Autism in adulthood · 2023Article
- The autism spectrum among transgender youth: default mode functional connectivity.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2023Article
- Healthcare clinician perspectives on the intersection of autism and gender dysphoria.Autism : the international journal of research and practice · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
18 authors at 9 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Executive function (EF) underlies broad health and adaptive outcomes. For transgender youth, navigating gender discernment and gender affirmation demand EF. Yet, factors associated with transgender youth EF are unknown. We investigate hypothesized predictors of EF: over-represented conditions among transgender youth (anxiety and depression symptoms, autism spectrum disorder [ASD]) and gender-affirming care. One-hundred twenty-four transgender 11-21-year-olds participated. Parents/caregivers completed EF and mental health report measures. ASD diagnostics and gender-affirming medication histories were collected. 21 % of non-autistic and 69 % of autistic transgender youth had clinically elevated EF problems. Membership in the gender-affirming hormone treatment group was associated with better EF. ASD, anxiety symptoms, and membership in the long-duration pubertal suppression group were associated with poorer EF. Given the importance of EF skills for multiple outcomes, and the unique and additional EF demands specific to transgender youths' experiences, EF skill monitoring-and when appropriate, supports-should be considered for transgender youth.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.