ArticleIndian journal of ophthalmology2021
Impact of the use of digital devices on eyes during the lockdown period of COVID-19 pandemic.
Article in Indian journal of ophthalmology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of computer vision syndrome during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2024Pooled it
- TFOS lifestyle: Impact of societal challenges on the ocular surface.The ocular surface · 2023Pooled it
- Analyzing display photometric features through time-dependent dynamics of accommodative responses and ocular imaging quality.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Recent Progress of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles and Nanostructured Lipid Carriers as Ocular Drug Delivery Platforms.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- An Online Questionnaire-Based Survey of 1076 Individuals in Poland to Identify the Prevalence of Ophthalmic Symptoms in Autumn 2022.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2023Article
- The impact of COVID-19 on soft contact lens wear in established European and US markets.Contact lens & anterior eye : the journal of the British Contact Lens Association · 2022Article
- Digital Eye Strain- A Comprehensive Review.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2022Review
- Effect of increased screen time on eyes during COVID-19 pandemic.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2022Article
- Distribution of refractive error among chinese primary school children in a rural area in Pahang, Malaysia.Malaysian family physician : the official journal of the Academy of Family Physicians of Malaysia · 2022Article
- Social media addiction and emotions during the disaster recovery period-The moderating role of post-COVID timing.PloS one · 2022Article
- Prevalence of Asthenopia and Its Relationship with Electronic Screen Usage During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Jazan, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2022Article
- Article
- Observational
- Internet Use Impact on Physical Health during COVID-19 Lockdown in Bangladesh: A Web-Based Cross-Sectional Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Commentary: Digital toxicity: Another side effect of COVID-19 pandemic.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThe purpose of this study is to observe pattern of digital device use and the various ocular, visual and systemic symptoms associated with them during the lockdown period of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic.
methodsTwo hundred and thirty-three volunteers were included in web-based open e-survey. The survey was designed on the 'Survey Monkey' website and distributed through social media platform. The information was collected regarding hours and numbers of digital devices along with numbers of digital activities carried out during the pandemic. A pretested symptom questionnaire was also included regarding ocular, visual and systemic symptoms before and during lockdown. The statistical analysis was carried out using Statistical Package of Social Science software.
resultsDuring the pandemic, most of the respondents were engaged in more than two digital activities (73.81%) over more than two digital devices (48.50%) for more than six days (65.66%). Maximum respondents were mobile users (97.85%) spending major time on social media (89.70%). Symptoms including watering eyes (P = 0.000), dry eyes (P = 0.000), shoulder pain (P = 0.020), back pain (P = 0.003) and headache (P = 0.043) showed positive correlation with hours of digital device use per day during lockdown, while itching eyes (P = 0.036) and pain behind eyes (P = 0.025) were the major symptoms in those engaged in a greater number of digital activities. Moreover, red eyes (P = 0.040) were more prominent in respondents using multiple devices for a greater number of hours.
conclusionA big jump in digital activities on multiple digital devices was seen during lockdown which are more prone to ocular symptoms. Acceleration of ocular and systemic symptoms was particular with rise in time spending on digital devices.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.