ArticleNature communications2021
Influenza virus infection expands the breadth of antibody responses through IL-4 signalling in B cells.
Article in Nature communications, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed.
- Influenza vaccines promote humoral and cellular immune responses: a randomized, double-blind, phase 3 trial.Nature communications · 2025Trial
- TClinical and translational medicine · 2022Trial
- An "old" cytokine's new trick: IL-1β in B cells and the germinal center.Function (Oxford, England) · 2026Review
- T follicular helper cell development during malaria.Current opinion in immunology · 2025Review
- H1N1 challenge results in rapid recall of stem-specific immunity in HA stem nanoparticle-vaccinated newborn monkeys.JCI insight · 2025Article
- Immunological landscape of children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in the post-COVID-19 era reveals distinctive severity indicators.Respiratory research · 2025Article
- Association between 25-hydroxy vitamin D, interleukin-4, and interferon-γ levels and asthma in children with Mycoplasma pneumonia infection.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- IL-7 promotes mRNA vaccine-induced long-term immunity.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2024Article
- CXCL13 promotes broad immune responses induced by circular RNA vaccines.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a recombinant lactococcus lactis vaccine against HSV-1 infection.Microbial cell factories · 2024Article
- Review
- Cytokines in Follicular Helper T Cell Biology in Physiologic and Pathologic Conditions.Immune network · 2024Review
- From neglect to spotlight: the underappreciated role of B cells in cutaneous inflammatory diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Structural basis for cross-group recognition of an influenza virus hemagglutinin antibody that targets postfusion stabilized epitope.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- Class switching is differentially regulated in RBC alloimmunization and vaccination.Transfusion · 2023Article
- Article
- Humoral and cellular immunity of two-dose inactivated COVID-19 vaccination in Chinese children: A prospective cohort study.Journal of medical virology · 2023Article
- Monophosphoryl lipid A-adjuvanted nucleoprotein-neuraminidase nanoparticles improve immune protection against divergent influenza viruses.Nanomedicine : nanotechnology, biology, and medicine · 2023Article
- IL-4 receptor blockade is a global repressor of naïve B cell development and responses in a dupilumab-treated patient.Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.) · 2022Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Influenza viruses are a major public health problem. Vaccines are the best available countermeasure to induce effective immunity against infection with seasonal influenza viruses; however, the breadth of antibody responses in infection versus vaccination is quite different. Here, we show that nasal infection controls two sequential processes to induce neutralizing IgG antibodies recognizing the hemagglutinin (HA) of heterotypic strains. The first is viral replication in the lung, which facilitates exposure of shared epitopes that are otherwise hidden from the immune system. The second process is the germinal center (GC) response, in particular, IL-4 derived from follicular helper T cells has an essential role in the expansion of rare GC-B cells recognizing the shared epitopes. Therefore, the combination of exposure of the shared epitopes and efficient proliferation of GC-B cells is critical for generating broadly-protective antibodies. These observations provide insight into mechanisms promoting broad protection from virus infection.
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