ArticleInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2021
Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells Express Antimicrobial Peptide Lysozyme - A Novel Mechanism of Innate Immune Defense of the Blood-Retina Barrier.
Article in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Synergistic Effects of Auranofin and Lysozyme Against Staphylococcus Aureus.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Article
- Integrative multi-omics analyses reveal the molecular mechanisms of lysozyme in alleviating hepatic lipid accumulation in post-peak laying quail.Poultry science · 2026Article
- Single-cell transcriptome combined with genetic tracing reveals a roadmap of fibrosis formation during proliferative vitreoretinopathy.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Senescence Alters Antimicrobial Peptide Expression and Induces Amyloid-β Production in Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells.Aging cell · 2025Article
- Research on interdisciplinary measurement and evolutionary path in the field of ophthalmology.Frontiers in ophthalmology · 2025Article
- The microbiome exists in the neuroretina and choroid in normal conditions and responds rapidly to retinal injury.Frontiers in ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Levels of Lysozyme and SLPI in Bronchoalveolar Lavage: Exploring Their Role in Interstitial Lung Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Grand Challenges in Ocular Inflammatory Diseases.Frontiers in ophthalmology · 2022Article
- Applications of Lysozyme, an Innate Immune Defense Factor, as an Alternative Antibiotic.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Bacterial Burden Declines But Neutrophil Infiltration and Ocular Tissue Damage Persist in ExperimentalFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Purpose: For this study we aimed to understand if retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells express antimicrobial peptide lysozyme as a mechanism to protect the neuroretina from blood-borne pathogens. Methods: The expression of lysozyme in human and mouse RPE cells was examined by RT-PCR or immune (cyto)histochemistry in cell cultures or retinal sections. RPE cultures were treated with different concentrations of Pam3CSK4, lipopolysaccharides (LPS), staphylococcus aureus-derived peptidoglycan (PGN-SA), Poly(I:C), and Poly(dA:dT). The mRNA expression of lysozyme was examined by qPCR and protein expression by ELISA. Poly(I:C) was injected into the subretinal space of C57BL/6J mice and eyes were collected 24 hours later and processed for the evaluation of lysozyme expression by confocal microscopy. Bactericidal activity was measured in ARPE19 cells following LYZ gene deletion using Crispr/Cas9 technology. Results: The mRNA and protein of lysozyme were detected in mouse and human RPE cells under normal conditions, although the expression levels were lower than mouse microglia BV2 or human monocytes THP-1 cells, respectively. Immunohistochemistry showed punctate lysozyme expression inside RPE cells. Lysozyme was detected by ELISA in normal RPE lysates, and in live bacteria-treated RPE supernatants. Treatment of RPE cells with Pam3CSK4, LPS, PGN-SA, and Poly(I:C) enhanced lysozyme expression. CRISPR/Cas9 deletion of lysozyme impaired bactericidal activity of ARPE19 cells and reduced their response to LPS and Poly(I:C) stimulation. Conclusions: RPE cells constitutively express antimicrobial peptide lysozyme and the expression is modulated by pathogenic challenges. RPE cells may protect the neuroretina from blood-borne pathogens by producing antimicrobial peptides, such as lysozyme.
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