SynthesisInternational urogynecology journal2021
Prevalence, incidence and bothersomeness of urinary incontinence between 6 weeks and 1 year post-partum: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in International urogynecology journal, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06162312 (Efficacy of Antenatal Perineal Massage in Reducing Postpartum Morbidities), which is not on this map. Cited by 42 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Efficacy of Antenatal Perineal Massage in Reducing Postpartum Morbidities
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 78 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine Therapy Combined with Biofeedback Electrical Stimulation on Postpartum Stress Urinary Incontinence: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International urogynecology journal · 2026Pooled it
- Machine learning-based prediction model for postpartum stress urinary incontinence risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Impact of postpartum exercise on pelvic floor disorders and diastasis recti abdominis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.British journal of sports medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Prevalence and factors of urinary incontinence among postpartum: systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2023Pooled it
- Pressure-Mediated Biofeedback With Pelvic Floor Muscle Training for Urinary Incontinence: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2024Trial
- Effect of a Mobile App-Based Urinary Incontinence Self-Management Intervention Among Pregnant Women in China: Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of medical Internet research · 2023Trial
- Does the type of pushing at delivery influence pelvic floor function at 2 months postpartum? A pragmatic randomized trial-The EOLE study.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2023Trial
- Magnitude and factors associated with urinary incontinence among postpartum women in Northwest Ethiopia.Maternal health, neonatology and perinatology · 2026Article
- Effectiveness and Adherence Determinants of Digital Pelvic Floor Interventions in Pregnancy and Postpartum: A Mixed Methods Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International urogynecology journal · 2026Review
- Development of an interpretable machine learning model for predicting stress urinary incontinence following the delivery of a first child.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Image-Quality Assessment of the Levator Ani Immediately After Delivery.International urogynecology journal · 2026Article
- Urinary incontinence during pregnancy and in the postpartum period.Nature reviews. Urology · 2026Review
- Analysis of the Multifactorial Risks of Postpartum Urinary Incontinence: A Systematic Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Risk factor analysis and predictive model for the alleviation of postpartum stress urinary incontinence: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in global women's health · 2026Article
- The Impact of Urinary Incontinence, Sexual Dysfunction, and Depressive Symptoms on Health-Related Quality of Life Over the 12-Month Postpartum Period.The journal of nursing research : JNR · 2025Article
- Pelvic floor and sexual health outcomes after cesarean hysterectomy for placenta accreta spectrum.Pregnancy (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2025Article
- Pelvic Floor Muscle Strength and Bothersome Urinary Incontinence After Pregnancy: A Cohort Study.International urogynecology journal · 2025Article
- Development and Validation of Machine Learning Models for Risk Prediction of Postpartum Stress Urinary Incontinence: A Prospective Observational Study.International urogynecology journal · 2025Observational
- Prevalence of Various Urogynaecological Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS) in Relation to Mode of Delivery.Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology of India · 2025Article
- International Delphi study of clinical and exercise professionals' opinion of physical activity prescreening and contraindications for participating in postpartum physical activity.British journal of sports medicine · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introduction and hypothesisUrinary incontinence (UI) is a common complaint for post-partum women. Reported prevalence and incidence figures show a large range due to varying study methodology. The crude prevalence of post-partum UI may differ when accounting for bother. Precise prevalence and incidence figures on (bothersome) UI are of relevance for health care providers, research planning, and policy makers. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the prevalence and incidence of UI in post-partum women in the Western world for relevant subgroups and assessed experienced bother in relation to UI.
methodsObservational studies, published between January 1998 and March 2020 and reporting on prevalence and incidence between 6 weeks and 1 year post-partum, were included, regardless of type of UI or setting. We used a random effects model with subgroup analyses for post-partum period, parity and subtype of UI.
resultsThe mean (weighted) prevalence based on 24 included studies, containing a total of 35.064 women, was 31.0%. After an initial drop in prevalence at 3 months post-partum, prevalence rises up to nearly the same level as in the third trimester of pregnancy at 1 year post-partum (32%). Stress UI (54%) is the most prevalent type. UI prevalence is equal among primi- and multiparous women. Experienced bother of UI is heterogeneously assessed and reported to be mild to moderate.
conclusionsPost-partum UI is highly prevalent in women in the Western world. After an initial drop it rises again at 1 year post-partum. Experienced bother is mild to moderate.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.