Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34142021›Full record

ArticleCancer drug resistance (Alhambra, Calif.)2021

Key genes and drug delivery systems to improve the efficiency of chemotherapy.

Zally Torres-Martinez, Yamixa Delgado, Yancy Ferrer-Acosta, Ivette J Suarez-Arroyo, Freisa M Joaquín-Ovalle, Louis J Delinois, Kai Griebenow

Open access · diamondAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cancer drug resistance (Alhambra, Calif.), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
0.4field-weighted citation impact, top 34% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Innovative nanoparticle strategies for treating oral cancers.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. The effect of Azo-dyes on glioblastoma cellsSaudi journal of biological sciences · 2023
    Article
  6. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Zally Torres-MartinezChemistry Department, University of Puerto Rico- Rio Piedras campus, San Juan, PR 00936, USA.
Yamixa DelgadoBiochemistry & Pharmacology Department, San Juan Bautista School of Medicine, Caguas, PR 00726, USA.
Yancy Ferrer-AcostaNeuroscience Department, Universidad Central del Caribe, Bayamon, PR 00956, USA.
Ivette J Suarez-ArroyoBiochemistry Department, Universidad Central del Caribe, Bayamon, PR 00956, USA.
Freisa M Joaquín-OvalleChemistry Department, University of Puerto Rico- Rio Piedras campus, San Juan, PR 00936, USA.
Louis J DelinoisChemistry Department, University of Puerto Rico- Rio Piedras campus, San Juan, PR 00936, USA.
Kai GriebenowChemistry Department, University of Puerto Rico- Rio Piedras campus, San Juan, PR 00936, USA.
San Juan Bautista School of Medicine · PR

Funding

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY COMPETENCY & EDUCATION CORE (STCE)P20GM103475 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF PUERTO RICO MED SCIENCES · PI Jose R. Rodriguez-Medina · 2012 to 2026
$52.9M
Upgrade Laboratories Facilities at UPR-Rio PiedrasR25GM061151 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF PUERTO RICO RIO PIEDRAS · PI CARBALLEIRA, NESTOR MANUEL · 2001 to 2023
$32.5M
NIGMS NIH HHS P20 GM103475NIGMS NIH HHS R25 GM061151
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cancer cells can develop resistance to anticancer drugs, thereby becoming tolerant to treatment through different mechanisms. The biological mechanisms leading to the generation of anticancer treatment resistance include alterations in transmembrane proteins, DNA damage and repair mechanisms, alterations in target molecules, and genetic responses, among others. The most common anti-cancer drugs reported to develop resistance to cancer cells include cisplatin, doxorubicin, paclitaxel, and fluorouracil. These anticancer drugs have different mechanisms of action, and specific cancer types can be affected by different genes. The development of drug resistance is a cellular response which uses differential gene expression, to enable adaptation and survival of the cell to diverse threatening environmental agents. In this review, we briefly look at the key regulatory genes, their expression, as well as the responses and regulation of cancer cells when exposed to anticancer drugs, along with the incorporation of alternative nanocarriers as treatments to overcome anticancer drug resistance.

Indexed as

Cancer resistancedrug delivery systemsresistance genes

Identifiers

PMID34142021
PMCPMC8208690
OpenAlexW3120236332

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.