ArticleHeliyon2021
Exposure to particulate matter, prenatal depressive symptoms and HPA axis dysregulation.
Article in Heliyon, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Maternal air pollution exposure and postpartum depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of global health · 2026Pooled it
- Air pollution, depressive and anxiety disorders, and brain effects: A systematic review.Neurotoxicology · 2022Pooled it
- Preconception and early-pregnancy exposure to ambient air pollution and trajectories of depressive symptoms during pregnancy.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2026Article
- Article
- Environmental Chemicals and Maternal Depression During and After Pregnancy: a Scoping Review.Current environmental health reports · 2026Article
- Air pollution and postpartum depression: the interplay with prenatal stress.Research square · 2026Article
- Impact of air pollution on mental health in bangladesh: a comparison between Dhaka and Rajshahi.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Air pollution mixture exposure during pregnancy and postpartum psychological functioning: racial/ethnic- and fetal sex-specific associations.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2025Article
- Joint effects of traffic-related air pollution and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy on maternal postpartum depressive and anxiety symptoms.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2025Article
- Unraveling the Metabolic and Microbiome Signatures in Fecal Samples of Pregnant Women with Prenatal Depression.Metabolites · 2025Article
- What is the relationship between exposure to environmental pollutants and severe mental disorders? A systematic review on shared biological pathways.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2025Review
- Review
- A comprehensive review on endocrine toxicity of gaseous components and particulate matter in smog.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Review
- Association of Antepartum and Postpartum Air Pollution Exposure With Postpartum Depression in Southern California.JAMA network open · 2023Article
- Ambient PMInhalation toxicologyArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe prevalence of depression during pregnancy is on the rise, affecting women's well-being and their children's health outcomes. Preliminary studies suggest that exposure to air pollution during pregnancy may play a role in development of depressive symptoms. In addition, pollution has been linked to dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, our brain's primary stress response system. The purpose of this study was to examine the association of air pollution exposure during pregnancy to prenatal depressive symptoms. We also evaluated whether cortisol, the hormonal endpoint of HPA activation, mediated the relationship between exposure to pollution and prenatal depression.
methodsWomen were recruited in obstetric clinics during their third trimester of pregnancy. They completed the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 to assess depression and provided salivary samples at 4 times during the day for 2 days. Four measures of cortisol were calculated from salivary assays: average cortisol level, cortisol awakening response (CAR), diurnal cortisol slope (DCS), and area under the curve (AUC
resultsIncreased prenatal exposure to PM
conclusionsFindings suggest pregnancy may be a critical window of sensitivity to PM
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.