ArticleBiochemistry and biophysics reports2021
Stability of human salivary extracellular vesicles containing dipeptidyl peptidase IV under simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions.
Article in Biochemistry and biophysics reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Thermally Modulated Metasurface Sensor for Dynamic and Time-Resolved Isolation of Extracellular Vesicles.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- Cathelicidin LL37-loaded extracellular vesicles from Edwardsiella piscicida promote antibacterial and wound-healing activity.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Isolation and Characterization of Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Mango Fruits.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Therapeutic application and potential mechanism of plant-derived extracellular vesicles in inflammatory bowel disease.Journal of advanced research · 2025Review
- Challenges of MS-based small extracellular vesicles proteomics.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2024Review
- Progress of Exosomal LncRNAs in Pancreatic Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- New frontiers in salivary extracellular vesicles: transforming diagnostics, monitoring, and therapeutics in oral and systemic diseases.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2024Review
- Distinguishing two distinct types of salivary extracellular vesicles: a potential tool for understanding their pathophysiological roles.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2024Article
- Enhancing oral delivery of plant-derived vesicles for colitis.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2023Article
- Salivary Exosomes in Health and Disease: Future Prospects in the Eye.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Meet changes with constancy: Defence, antagonism, recovery, and immunity roles of extracellular vesicles in confronting SARS-CoV-2.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2022Review
- Extracellular vesicles derived from microgreens of Raphanus sativus L. var. caudatus Alef contain bioactive macromolecules and inhibit HCT116 cells proliferation.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Theragnostic Applications of Mammal and Plant-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Latest Findings, Current Technologies, and Prospects.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundExtracellular vesicles (EVs) have been isolated from various sources, including primary and cultured cell lines and body fluids. Previous studies, including those conducted in our laboratory, have reported the stability of EVs under various storage conditions.
methodsEVs from human whole saliva were separated via size-exclusion chromatography. To simulate the effects of gastric or intestinal fluids on the stability of EVs, pepsin or pancreatin was added to the samples. Additionally, to determine the effect of bile acids, sodium cholate was added. The samples were then subjected to western blotting, dynamic light scattering, and transmission electron microscopy analyses. In addition, the activity of dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP) IV retained in the samples was examined to monitor the stability of EVs.
resultsUnder acidic conditions, with pepsin mimicking the milieu of the stomach, the EVs remained stable. However, they partially lost their membrane integrity in the presence of pancreatin and sodium cholate, indicating that they may be destabilized after passing through the duodenum. Although several associated proteins, such as mucin 5B and CD9 were degraded, DPP IV was stable, and its activity was retained under the simulated gastrointestinal conditions.
conclusionOur data indicate that although EVs can pass through the stomach without undergoing significant damage, they may be disrupted in the intestine to release their contents. The consistent delivery of active components such as DPP IV from EVs into the intestine might play a role in the efficient modulation of homeostasis of the signal transduction pathways occurring in the gastrointestinal tract.
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