ArticleWorld journal of clinical cases2021
Liver injury associated with the use of selective androgen receptor modulators and post-cycle therapy: Two case reports and literature review.
Article in World journal of clinical cases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Metandienone abuse induces hepatotoxicity via dysregulated inflammation and metabolic dysfunction.The Journal of international medical research · 2026Article
- Review
- Drug-induced liver injury associated with selective androgen receptor modulators in an adolescent patient.JPGN reports · 2025Article
- When Gains Go Wrong: A Case of Selective Androgen Receptor Modulator-Related Liver Injury.Cureus · 2025Article
- Silent Threats to the Liver: Acute Hepatotoxicity Attributed to Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators (SARMs).Cureus · 2025Article
- Abuse of Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids as a Social Phenomenon and Medical Problem-Its Potential Negative Impact on Reproductive Health Based on 50 Years of Case Report Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Ostarine blunts the effect of endurance training on submaximal endurance in rats.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2024Article
- In Vitro and In Vivo Human Metabolism of Ostarine, a Selective Androgen Receptor Modulator and Doping Agent.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Illegal Use of Testosterone and Other Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids in the Population of Amateur Athletes in Wrocław, Poland-An Unfavorable Lifestyle Trend in the Population of Men of Reproductive Age.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Severe liver injury following use of RAD-140, a selective androgen receptor modulator, for body building.Australian prescriber · 2024Article
- Selective androgen receptor modulator use and related adverse events including drug-induced liver injury: Analysis of suspected cases.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2024Review
- An Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method with Online Solid-Phase Extraction Sample Preparation for the High-Throughput and Sensitive Determination of Ostarine in Human Urine.Methods and protocols · 2024Article
- Bile Cast Nephropathy Because of Acute Liver Injury Associated With Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators.ACG case reports journal · 2023Article
- Systematic Review of Safety of Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators in Healthy Adults: Implications for Recreational Users.Journal of xenobiotics · 2023Review
- Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators: An Emerging Liver Toxin.Journal of clinical and translational hepatology · 2023Review
- Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators (SARMs)-Induced Liver Injury: A Case Report and Review of Literature.Cureus · 2023Article
- Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMuscle growth promoters are being developed for the treatment of disease-induced loss of muscle mass. Ligandrol and ostarine are selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) with a non-steroidal structure and a presumably more favorable side effect profile. In recent years, these substances with or without "post-cycle therapy" (PCT) are often misused by amateur athletes aiming to promote muscle growth. At the same time, reports on their toxic effects on organ systems are emerging. CASE SUMMARY: We report two cases of liver injury in young men who used ligandrol and/or ostarine for a few weeks followed by the use of substances for PCT. Acute liver injury occurred in both cases after stopping SARMs while on PCT. The clinical picture was dominated by jaundice and fatigue. The biochemical pattern showed a mixed type of injury with normal alkaline phosphatase and high concentrations of bilirubin and serum bile acids. Histological evidence showed predominantly cholestatic injury with canalicular bile plugs, ductopenia, and mild hepatocellular damage without significant fibrosis. The patients recovered from the condition after 3 mo. The off target effects of SARMs were likely idiosyncratic, but our report highlights the yet unrecognized effects of other toxic substances used for PCT, supra-therapeutic doses, and the complete absence of monitoring for adverse effects.
conclusionAmong muscle-building amateur athletes, SARMs (ligandrol or ostarine) and/or substances in PCT may cause cholestatic liver injury with prolonged recovery.
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