ArticleJournal of multidisciplinary healthcare2021
Factors Associated with Numbers of Antenatal Care Visits in Rural Ethiopia.
Article in Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Utilization of maternal healthcare services in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- A multilevel modelling approach to understanding antenatal care utilisation in Uganda.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Correlates of antenatal care visits among expectant mothers in Malawi: application of generalised estimating equations and likelihood-based poisson and negative binomial mixed models.Reproductive health · 2026Article
- Influence of socioeconomic factors on maternal and child health outcomes in Bangladesh: evidence from the 2022 demographic and health survey.BMC pediatrics · 2026Article
- Article
- Breastfeeding experience, barriers, and facilitators among mothers of vulnerable low birth weight infants in Amhara region, Ethiopia: a qualitative exploratory study.International breastfeeding journal · 2025Article
- The impact of multidimensional poverty on antenatal care service utilisation in Malawi.Health economics review · 2025Article
- Bivariate multilevel modeling of antenatal care contacts and place of delivery among reproductive-aged women in Ethiopia.PloS one · 2025Article
- Uptake of iron and folic acid supplements among pregnant women in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Antenatal care visits and associated factors in Senegal: a multilevel poisson regression analysis of the 2023 DHS survey.Frontiers in global women's health · 2025Article
- More than just visits: Timing, frequency, and determinants of effective antenatal care in Bangladesh - BDHS 2007 to 2017-18.PloS one · 2025Article
- Trends and inequalities in antenatal care coverage in Benin (2006-2017): an application of World Health Organization's Health Equity Assessment Toolkit.BMC health services research · 2024Article
- Epidemiology of Early Neonatal Mortality in an Eastern Ethiopian NICU: Insights From Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital.Global pediatric health · 2024Article
- Factors influencing late antenatal care of Muslim pregnant women: A predictive correlational study in Aceh, Indonesia.Belitung nursing journal · 2024Article
- Article
- Article
- Article
- Antenatal care utilization and its associated factors in Somalia: a cross-sectional study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2023Article
- Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionAntenatal care (ANC) is a medical care and procedure carried out for pregnant women. Data on ANC visits can help policymakers show gaps in service provision. Therefore, this study assessed the factors associated with the number of ANC visits among women in rural Ethiopia.
methodsWe included a total of 6611 women who gave birth within 5 years preceding the survey from the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey. A multi-level negative binomial regression analysis was employed to consider the hierarchical nature of the data. In the multivariable analysis, variables with a p-value <0.05 were considered to be significantly associated with the number of ANC visits.
resultsOverall, 27.3% (95% CI: 14.63, 15.76) of women had at least four ANC visits during pregnancy in rural Ethiopia. Among individual level factors, age group 25-29 years (adjusted incidence rate ratio (AIRR)=1.13,95% CI:1.02,1.26), household rich wealth status (AIRR=1.17, 95% CI:1.04,1.31), women's educational status (primary, AIRR=1.19,95% CI:1.08,1.32; secondary, AIRR= 1.30,95% CI:1.08,1.55; above secondary, AIRR=1.35, 95% CI:1.07,1.71), partner educational status (primary, AIRR=1.16, 95% CI:1.05,1.28; secondary, AIRR=1.22,95% CI:1.08,1.38), and autonomy to decision to their care (AIRR=1.25,95% CI:1.10,1.42) were positively associated factors whereas having a birth order of five or more (AIRR=0.80,95% CI: 0.69,0.94) was a negative associated with number of ANC visits. Among community-level variables, being in higher community level literacy (AIRR=1.35, 95% CI: 1.14, 1.59) and higher poverty level (AIRR=0.77, 95% CI: 0.64, 0.92) were significant factors with the number of ANC visits. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: Women's age, wealth status, women's educational status, partner educational status, autonomy to decision making in health care, and birth order were determinants of the number of ANC visits. Furthermore, poverty and literacy are also important factors at the community level. Addressing economic and educational interventions for rural women should be prioritized.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.