Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34140517›Full record

ArticleNature communications2021

In-depth single-cell analysis of translation-competent HIV-1 reservoirs identifies cellular sources of plasma viremia.

Basiel Cole, Laurens Lambrechts, Pierre Gantner, Ytse Noppe, Noah Bonine, Wojciech Witkowski, Lennie Chen, Sarah Palmer, James I Mullins, Nicolas Chomont and 2 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
60citing papers in PubMed
8.0field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

60 citing papers in PubMed, 79 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
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  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Observational
  12. Article
  13. Proviruses in CD4Science translational medicine · 2025
    Article
  14. Advances in Single-Cell Sequencing for Infectious Diseases: Progress and Perspectives.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025
    Review
  15. HIV Cure: How Far We Have Come?Indian journal of microbiology · 2025
    Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.

Basiel ColeHIV Cure Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Laurens LambrechtsHIV Cure Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0002-1415-4591
Pierre GantnerDepartment of Microbiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Ytse NoppeHIV Cure Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Noah BonineHIV Cure Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Wojciech WitkowskiHIV Cure Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Lennie ChenDepartment of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Sarah PalmerCentre for Virus Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
James I MullinsDepartment of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Nicolas ChomontDepartment of Microbiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-9747-5018
Marion Pardons *HIV Cure Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Linos Vandekerckhove *HIV Cure Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. linos.vandekerckhove@ugent.be.ORCID 0000-0002-8600-1631
Ghent University Hospital · BEUniversity of Washington · USCentre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal · CAThe University of Sydney · AUUniversité de Montréal · CA

Funding

University of Washington/Fred Hutch Center for AIDS ResearchP30AI027757 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI EDWIN ROBERTO ORELLANA · 1988 to 2026
$104.9M
Viral reservoirs and sanctuaries in HAART - treated patients: role and mechanismsU19AI096109 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI SCHACKER, TIMOTHY W · 2011 to 2015
$29.5M
Delaney AIDS Research Enterprise to Cure HIVUM1AI126611 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI DEEKS, STEVEN GRANT, PICKER, LOUIS J. · 2016 to 2020
$27.9M
Defining HIV reservoirs that rebound following suspension of ARTR01AI134419 · NIAID · SEATTLE CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL · PI FRENKEL, LISA M, VANDEKERCKHOVE, LINOS · 2017 to 2021
$3.8M
Selection and Evolution of HIV-1 reservoir cells in blood and tissuesR01AI152979 · NIAID · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI ESTES, JACOB D, LICHTERFELD, MATHIAS · 2020 to 2025
$3.8M
CIHR 364408CIHR 415209CIHR HB2-164064NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI027757NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI134419NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI152979NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI096109NIAID NIH HHS UM1 AI126611
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Clonal expansion of HIV-infected cells contributes to the long-term persistence of the HIV reservoir in ART-suppressed individuals. However, the contribution from cell clones that harbor inducible proviruses to plasma viremia is poorly understood. Here, we describe a single-cell approach to simultaneously sequence the TCR, integration sites and proviral genomes from translation-competent reservoir cells, called STIP-Seq. By applying this approach to blood samples from eight participants, we show that the translation-competent reservoir mainly consists of proviruses with short deletions at the 5'-end of the genome, often involving the major splice donor site. TCR and integration site sequencing reveal that cell clones with predicted pathogen-specificity can harbor inducible proviruses integrated into cancer-related genes. Furthermore, we find several matches between proviruses retrieved with STIP-Seq and plasma viruses obtained during ART and upon treatment interruption, suggesting that STIP-Seq can capture clones that are responsible for low-level viremia or viral rebound.

Indexed as

Anti-Retroviral AgentsCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesDNA, ViralHIV-1HIV InfectionsHumansIonomycinMaleMiddle AgedPhylogenyProvirusesReceptors, Antigen, T-CellReceptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-betaSequence DeletionSingle-Cell AnalysisViral LoadAnti-Retroviral AgentsDNA, ViralIonomycinReceptors, Antigen, T-CellReceptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta

Identifiers

PMID34140517
PMCPMC8211655
OpenAlexW3167769239

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.