Observational studyJournal of the American College of Cardiology2021
Triglycerides and Residual Atherosclerotic Risk.
Observational study in Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01410318 (Early Detection and Progression of Subclinical Atherosclerosis and Its Relationship to Coronary Risk Factors), which is not on this map. Cited by 125 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Early Detection and Progression of Subclinical Atherosclerosis and Its Relationship to Coronary Risk Factors
Who cites it
125 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 236 citations in OpenAlex.
- Guideline
- Effects of Antiseizure Medications on Lipid Profile and Weight in Patients with Epilepsy: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis.CNS drugs · 2025Pooled it
- The Effects of Pemafibrate on Fibrinogen and Thrombogenicity in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease.Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis · 2026Trial
- Cardiovascular Outcomes With Icosapent Ethyl by Baseline Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol: A Secondary Analysis of the REDUCE-IT Randomized Trial.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Trial
- Efficacy and Safety of Pemafibrate, a Novel Selective PPARα Modulator in Chinese Patients with Dyslipidemia: A Double-Masked, Randomized, Placebo- and Active-Controlled Comparison Trial.Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis · 2025Trial
- Premature coronary artery disease in women: sex-specific risk factors, pathogenetic mechanisms and clinical implications.Annals of medicine · 2026Review
- Observational
- Gut microbial alterations and functional shifts in patients with hypertriglyceridemia: insights from a northwestern Chinese metagenomic study.International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology · 2026Article
- Targeting triglycerides for cardiovascular risk reduction.Internal and emergency medicine · 2026Review
- Eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester, cardiac metabolomic and lipidomic signatures, and cardioprotection in myocardial infarction.European heart journal · 2026Article
- Dietary Interventions for Hypertriglyceridemia.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2026Review
- Sustained estimated VLDL-C exposure is associated with cardiometabolic multimorbidity and foam cell dysfunction: evidence from prospective cohorts andJournal of geriatric cardiology : JGC · 2026Article
- Association of the Discordance Between Apolipoprotein B and Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol With Cognition.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Article
- Atherosclerosis risk and clinical correlates in first-episode drug-naïve patients with major depressive disorder: a large-scale cross-sectional study.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2026Article
- Hypertriglyceridaemia and its multifaceted mechanisms driving atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.Lipids in health and disease · 2026Review
- Association of triglyceride-driven residual atherosclerotic risk with carotid stiffening assessed using ultrafast ultrasound imaging in individuals with hypertriglyceridemia.Ultrasonography (Seoul, Korea) · 2026Article
- Effect of Small Dense Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Combined With High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein on Cardiometabolic Multimorbidity: A National Cohort Study.Clinical cardiology · 2026Observational
- The CCR/WC ratio as a predictor of dyslipidemia and Its mediating effect on hypertension in middle-aged and older adults.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2026Article
- Genetic predisposition to coffee consumption and the association with the early risk of atherosclerosis.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins and Inflammation: Independent and Synergistic Roles in Cardiovascular Disease.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2026Review
65 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
14 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundEven when low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels are lower than guideline thresholds, a residual risk of atherosclerosis remains. It is unknown whether triglyceride (TG) levels are associated with subclinical atherosclerosis and vascular inflammation regardless of LDL-C.
objectivesThis study sought to assess the association between serum TG levels and early atherosclerosis and vascular inflammation in apparently healthy individuals.
methodsAn observational, longitudinal, and prospective cohort study, including 3,754 middle-aged individuals with low to moderate cardiovascular risk from the PESA (Progression of Early Subclinical Atherosclerosis) study who were consecutively recruited between June 2010 and February 2014, was conducted. Peripheral atherosclerotic plaques were assessed by 2-dimensional vascular ultrasound, and coronary artery calcification (CAC) was assessed by noncontrast computed tomography, whereas vascular inflammation was assessed by fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose uptake on positron emission tomography.
resultsAtherosclerotic plaques and CAC were observed in 58.0% and 16.8% of participants, respectively, whereas vascular inflammation was evident in 46.7% of evaluated participants. After multivariate adjustment, TG levels ≥150 mg/dl showed an association with subclinical noncoronary atherosclerosis (odds ratio [OR]: 1.35; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.08 to 1.68; p = 0.008). This association was significant for groups with high LDL-C (OR: 1.42; 95% CI: 1.11 to 1.80; p = 0.005) and normal LDL-C (OR: 1.85; 95% CI: 1.08 to 3.18; p = 0.008). No association was found between TG level and CAC score. TG levels ≥150 mg/dl were significantly associated with the presence of arterial inflammation (OR: 2.09; 95% CI: 1.29 to 3.40; p = 0.003).
conclusionsIn individuals with low to moderate cardiovascular risk, hypertriglyceridemia was associated with subclinical atherosclerosis and vascular inflammation, even in participants with normal LDL-C levels. (Progression of Early Subclinical Atherosclerosis [PESA]; NCT01410318).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.