ReviewInternational journal of laboratory hematology2021
Laboratory testing for suspected COVID-19 vaccine-induced (immune) thrombotic thrombocytopenia.
Review in International journal of laboratory hematology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 92 citations in OpenAlex.
- Expression Levels of PF4, ALOX12, ITGA2B, F131A in Pregnant COVID-19 Survivors.Biochemical genetics · 2025Article
- Unraveling Rising Mortality: Statistical Insights from Japan and International Comparisons.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Clinical and laboratory profiles of dengue infection in the hospitals in North Jakarta, Indonesia.IJID regions · 2025Article
- COVID-19 vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia: pathophysiology and diagnosis.Annals of hematology · 2025Review
- Immune and hematologicak responses to the third dose of an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine: a six-month longitudinal study.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- The Ambivalence of Post COVID-19 Vaccination Responses in Humans.Biomolecules · 2024Review
- How We Interpret Thrombosis with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome?International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Whole Exome Sequencing in Vaccine-Induced Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia (VITT).BioMed research international · 2024Article
- Epidemiology, pathogenesis, and management of Coronavirus disease 2019-associated stroke.Frontiers of medicine · 2023Review
- COVID-19 vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia: a review.Clinical and experimental vaccine research · 2023Review
- From Co-Infections to Autoimmune Disease via Hyperactivated Innate Immunity: COVID-19 Autoimmune Coagulopathies, Autoimmune Myocarditis and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Multiple Electrode Aggregometry (Multiplate): Functional Assay for Vaccine-Induced (Immune) Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia (VITT).Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2023Article
- Heparin-Induced Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia (HITT) and Vaccine-Induced Immune Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia (VITT): Similar but Different.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2023Article
- Serotonin Release Assay: Functional Assay for Heparin- and Vaccine-Induced (Immune) Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2023Article
- No changes in hemostasis after COVID-19-heterologous vaccination schedule: A subanalysis of the phase 2 CombiVacS study.Research and practice in thrombosis and haemostasis · 2023Article
- Assessment of immunological anti-platelet factor 4 antibodies for vaccine-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) in a large Australian cohort: A multicenter study comprising 1284 patients.Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH · 2022Article
- Autoimmune Diseases Affecting Hemostasis: A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt, local thrombaspiration, and lysis for management of fulminant portomesenteric thrombosis and atraumatic splenic rupture due to vector-vaccine-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia: a case report.Journal of medical case reports · 2022Article
- Article
- Vaccine-induced immune thrombocytopaenia and thrombosis (VITT) after COVID-19 vaccination.BMJ case reports · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) represents a pandemic, and several vaccines have been produced to prevent infection and/or severe sequelae associated with SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) infection. There have been several reports of infrequent post vaccine associated thrombotic events, in particular for adenovirus-based vaccines. These have variously been termed VIPIT (vaccine-induced prothrombotic immune thrombocytopenia), VITT (vaccine-induced [immune] thrombotic thrombocytopenia), VATT (vaccine-associated [immune] thrombotic thrombocytopenia), and TTS (thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome). In this report, the laboratory test processes, as utilised to assess suspected VITT, are reviewed. In published reports to date, there are notable similarities and divergences in testing approaches, potentially leading to identification of slightly disparate patient cohorts. The key to appropriate identification/exclusion of VITT, and potential differentiation from heparin-induced thrombocytopenia with thrombosis (HITT), is identification of potentially differential test patterns. In summary, testing typically comprises platelet counts, D-dimer, fibrinogen, and various immunological and functional assays for platelet factor 4 (PF4) antibodies. In suspected VITT, there is a generally highly elevated level of D-dimer, thrombocytopenia, and PF4 antibodies can be identified by ELISA-based assays, but not by other immunological assays typically positive in HITT. In addition, in some functional platelet activation assays, standard doses of heparin have been identified to inhibit activation in suspected VITT, but they tend to augment activation in HITT. Conversely, it is also important to not over-diagnose VITT, given that not all cases of thrombosis post vaccination will have an immune basis and not all PF4-ELISA positive patients will be VITT.
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Registered trials
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