ReviewNano-micro letters2021
Engineering Microneedle Patches for Improved Penetration: Analysis, Skin Models and Factors Affecting Needle Insertion.
Review in Nano-micro letters, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 142 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
142 citing papers in PubMed.
- Gas-propelled microneedles for precision transdermal therapeutics.Bioactive materials · 2027Review
- Advancing intradermal vaccine delivery: Focus on hollow microneedles and skin models.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Review
- Combination of Polymeric Microneedles with Specific Peptide for TNF‑α Sensing Via Noninvasive Detection in Interstitial Fluid.ACS omega · 2026Article
- Localized immunotherapy via dissolving microneedles for the prevention of breast cancer recurrence.Drug delivery and translational research · 2026Review
- Advances in veterinary drug and vaccine delivery: from conventional delivery methods to innovative transdermal approaches.Drug delivery and translational research · 2026Review
- Decoupling mechanical strain in microneedle biointerfaces.Nature nanotechnology · 2026Article
- Aerosol Jet Printing in Biotechnologies.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Thermosensitive Alginate/Carrageenan-Stearic Acid Dissolving Microneedles Incorporating Liposome-Coated Hollow Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Controlled Caffeine Delivery.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Machine Learning-Guided Near-Infrared Laser Processing for Precise Geometry Control in Microneedles with Downstream microLED-Triggered Photothermal Functionality.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Article
- Assessment of microneedle array insertion into skin using Raman spectroscopic techniques.Drug delivery and translational research · 2026Article
- Polymeric microneedles for closed-loop drug delivery: from biosensing to therapy.RSC advances · 2026Review
- Polymerized Pro-Estrogen Microneedles via Two Photon Polymerization.Macromolecular rapid communications · 2026Article
- Celastrol-Loaded Liposomal Hydrogel Microneedles for Safe and Effective Treatment of Psoriasis.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Solid microneedle booster as an enhanced microneedling platform for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia.Drug delivery and translational research · 2026Article
- Mucin-Based Biomimetic Patches for Dynamic Heart Repair: Auxetic Structures and Translational Challenges.Cardiovascular engineering and technology · 2026Review
- Thermal-enhanced self-heating microneedle patch for sustained progesterone delivery and improved pregnancy maintenance.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Breaking the vicious cycle of diabetic wounds with an exosome-engineered dual-responsive microneedle patch.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Biodegradable microneedles for transdermal sitagliptin delivery: in vivo insights into enhanced diabetes management.Drug delivery and translational research · 2026Article
- Sustained-Release Microneedles for Local Delivery of Antibacterial Peptide in Acne Therapy.Polymers · 2026Article
- Hydrogel microneedle delivery of a palmitoylated peptide promotes hair regeneration via dual activation of Wnt/β-catenin and cAMP-PKA signaling.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
82 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Transdermal microneedle (MN) patches are a promising tool used to transport a wide variety of active compounds into the skin. To serve as a substitute for common hypodermic needles, MNs must pierce the human stratum corneum (~ 10 to 20 µm), without rupturing or bending during penetration. This ensures that the cargo is released at the predetermined place and time. Therefore, the ability of MN patches to sufficiently pierce the skin is a crucial requirement. In the current review, the pain signal and its management during application of MNs and typical hypodermic needles are presented and compared. This is followed by a discussion on mechanical analysis and skin models used for insertion tests before application to clinical practice. Factors that affect insertion (e.g., geometry, material composition and cross-linking of MNs), along with recent advancements in developed strategies (e.g., insertion responsive patches and 3D printed biomimetic MNs using two-photon lithography) to improve the skin penetration are highlighted to provide a backdrop for future research.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.