Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34137217›Full record

ArticleAdvanced healthcare materials2021

Core Cross-Linked Polymeric Micelles for Specific Iron Delivery: Inducing Sterile Inflammation in Macrophages.

Tobias A Bauer, Natalie K Horvat, Oriana Marques, Sara Chocarro, Christina Mertens, Silvia Colucci, Sascha Schmitt, Luca M Carrella, Svenja Morsbach, Kaloian Koynov and 7 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Advanced healthcare materials, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
3.5field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Effect of clinically relevant iron oxide nanoparticles on macrophage polarization, tumor growth and tumor microenvironment modulation.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors at 8 institutions in 3 countries.

Tobias A BauerLeiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, Leiden, 2333CC, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-2020-6159
Natalie K HorvatEuropean Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Collaboration for Joint PhD Degree between EMBL and the Faculty of Biosciences, University of Heidelberg, Meyerhofstr.1, Heidelberg, 69117, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-2789-8132
Oriana MarquesMolecular Medicine Partnership Unit (MMPU), Otto-Meyerhof-Zentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 350, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany.
Sara ChocarroDepartment of Molecular Thoracic Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany.
Christina MertensMolecular Medicine Partnership Unit (MMPU), Otto-Meyerhof-Zentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 350, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany.
Silvia ColucciMolecular Medicine Partnership Unit (MMPU), Otto-Meyerhof-Zentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 350, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-0816-9009
Sascha SchmittMax Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz, 55128, Germany.
Luca M CarrellaDepartment of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, Mainz, 55128, Germany.
Svenja MorsbachMax Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz, 55128, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-9662-8190
Kaloian KoynovMax Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz, 55128, Germany.
Federico FenaroliDepartment for Biosciences, University of Oslo, Blindernveien 31, Oslo, 0371, Norway.
Peter BlümlerInstitute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Staudingerweg 9, Mainz, 55128, Germany.
Michaela JungInstitute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Frankfurt am Main, 60590, Germany.
Rocio SotilloTranslational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 350, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany.
Matthias W HentzeEuropean Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Collaboration for Joint PhD Degree between EMBL and the Faculty of Biosciences, University of Heidelberg, Meyerhofstr.1, Heidelberg, 69117, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-4023-7876
Martina U MuckenthalerMolecular Medicine Partnership Unit (MMPU), Otto-Meyerhof-Zentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 350, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-3778-510X
Matthias BarzLeiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, Leiden, 2333CC, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-1749-9034
Heidelberg University · DEMax Planck Institute for Polymer Research · DEEuropean Molecular Biology Organization · DEGerman Cancer Research Center · DEJohannes Gutenberg University Mainz · DELeiden University · NLGoethe University Frankfurt · DEUniversity of Oslo · NO

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Iron is an essential co-factor for cellular processes. In the immune system, it can activate macrophages and represents a potential therapeutic for various diseases. To specifically deliver iron to macrophages, iron oxide nanoparticles are embedded in polymeric micelles of reactive polysarcosine-block-poly(S-ethylsulfonyl-l-cysteine). Upon surface functionalization via dihydrolipoic acid, iron oxide cores act as crosslinker themselves and undergo chemoselective disulfide bond formation with the surrounding poly(S-ethylsulfonyl-l-cysteine) block, yielding glutathione-responsive core cross-linked polymeric micelles (CCPMs). When applied to primary murine and human macrophages, these nanoparticles display preferential uptake, sustained intracellular iron release, and induce a strong inflammatory response. This response is also demonstrated in vivo when nanoparticles are intratracheally administered to wild-type C57Bl/6N mice. Most importantly, the controlled release concept to deliver iron oxide in redox-responsive CCPMs induces significantly stronger macrophage activation than any other iron source at identical iron levels (e.g., Feraheme), directing to a new class of immune therapeutics.

Indexed as

IronMicellesAnimalsInflammationMacrophagesMicePolymersIronMicellesPolymerscross-linkingiron metabolismmacrophage polarizationpolymeric micellepolypept(o)idesuperparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles

Identifiers

PMID34137217
PMCPMC11468145
OpenAlexW3171209618

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.