Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34136405›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in oncology2021

Immunological Effects of Histotripsy for Cancer Therapy.

Alissa Hendricks-Wenger, Ruby Hutchison, Eli Vlaisavljevich, Irving Coy Allen

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in oncology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
50citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

50 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Histotripsy for Liver Tumors: Breakthrough or Hype?Annals of surgical oncology · 2026
    Article
  2. Review
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  6. Article
  7. Article
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  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Article
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  13. MRI Coregistered Rodent Histotripsy Array for Orthotopic Liver Models.IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control · 2025
    Article
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Overview of Therapeutic Ultrasound Applications and Safety Considerations: 2024 Update.Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine · 2025
    Review
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Alissa Hendricks-WengerGraduate Program in Translational Biology, Medicine and Health, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, United States.
Ruby HutchisonDepartment of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States.
Eli VlaisavljevichGraduate Program in Translational Biology, Medicine and Health, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, United States.
Irving Coy AllenGraduate Program in Translational Biology, Medicine and Health, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, United States.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide despite major advancements in diagnosis and therapy over the past century. One of the most debilitating aspects of cancer is the burden brought on by metastatic disease. Therefore, an ideal treatment protocol would address not only debulking larger primary tumors but also circulating tumor cells and distant metastases. To address this need, the use of immune modulating therapies has become a pillar in the oncology armamentarium. A therapeutic option that has recently emerged is the use of focal ablation therapies that can destroy a tumor through various physical or mechanical mechanisms and release a cellular lysate with the potential to stimulate an immune response. Histotripsy is a non-invasive, non-ionizing, non-thermal, ultrasound guided ablation technology that has shown promise over the past decade as a debulking therapy. As histotripsy therapies have developed, the full picture of the accompanying immune response has revealed a wide range of immunogenic mechanisms that include DAMP and anti-tumor mediator release, changes in local cellular immune populations, development of a systemic immune response, and therapeutic synergism with the inclusion of checkpoint inhibitor therapies. These studies also suggest that there is an immune effect from histotripsy therapies across multiple murine tumor types that may be reproducible. Overall, the effects of histotripsy on tumors show a positive effect on immunomodulation.

Indexed as

ablationabscopal effectfocused ultrasoundhistotripsyimmunomodulation

Identifiers

PMID34136405
PMCPMC8200675

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.