ArticleNature communications2021
Extracellular mRNA transported to the nucleus exerts translation-independent function.
Article in Nature communications, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Condensates on the Move: Midbody Remnants as Large, Translation-Competent Extracellular Vesicles.BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Adipocytes signal to recruit specific mRNAs from surrounding cells to restore expression deficits.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Synthetic short RNA in cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Citrullination in Tumor Metastasis, Inside and Outside the Cells.Cancer science · 2025Review
- Circulating SLC17A5 as a Diagnostic Biomarker of Early Endothelial Dysfunction in Young Dyslipidemic Individuals.Journal of cardiovascular translational research · 2025Article
- SLAMseq reveals potential transfer of RNA from liver to kidney in the mouse.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Translocating shRNA: a novel approach to RNA interference with Newcastle disease virus as viral vector.The Journal of general virology · 2025Article
- Endoscopic nasal delivery of engineered endothelial progenitor cell-derived exosomes improves angiogenesis and neurological deficits in rats with intracerebral hemorrhage.Materials today. Bio · 2025Article
- Synthetic short mRNA prevents metastasis via innate-adaptive immunity.Nature communications · 2025Article
- ZC3H12D upregulation in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: a potential prognostic biomarker associated with immune infiltration.Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologica · 2025Article
- Cancer-induced systemic pre-conditioning of distant organs: building a niche for metastatic cells.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2024Review
- Combining mRNA with PBS and calcium ions improves the efficiency of the transfection of mRNA into tumors.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2024Article
- The Use of CBD and Its Synthetic Analog HU308 in HIV-1-Infected Myeloid Cells.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Fibroblasts as Turned Agents in Cancer Progression.Cancers · 2023Review
- Suppression of CEBPδ recovers exhaustion in anti-metastatic immune cells.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Recognition of immune-related tumor antigens and immune subtypes for mRNA vaccine development in lung adenocarcinoma.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2022Article
- Integrating knowledge of protein sequence with protein function for the prediction and validation of new MALT1 substrates.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
RNA in extracellular vesicles (EVs) are uptaken by cells, where they regulate fundamental cellular functions. EV-derived mRNA in recipient cells can be translated. However, it is still elusive whether "naked nonvesicular extracellular mRNA" (nex-mRNA) that are not packed in EVs can be uptaken by cells and, if so, whether they have any functions in recipient cells. Here, we show the entrance of nex-mRNA in the nucleus, where they exert a translation-independent function. Human nex-interleukin-1β (IL1β)-mRNA outside cells proved to be captured by RNA-binding zinc finger CCCH domain containing protein 12D (ZC3H12D)-expressing human natural killer (NK) cells. ZC3H12D recruited to the cell membrane binds to the 3'-untranslated region of nex-IL1β-mRNA and transports it to the nucleus. The nex-IL1β-mRNA in the NK cell nucleus upregulates antiapoptotic gene expression, migration activity, and interferon-γ production, leading to the killing of cancer cells and antimetastasis in mice. These results implicate the diverse actions of mRNA.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.