Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34134774›Full record

ReviewStem cell research & therapy2021

Nonviral genome engineering of natural killer cells.

Gabrielle M Robbins, Minjing Wang, Emily J Pomeroy, Branden S Moriarity

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Stem cell research & therapy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
35citing papers in PubMed
2.7field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

35 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.

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  9. CD33Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Gabrielle M Robbins *Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5487-1766
Minjing Wang *Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
Emily J Pomeroy *Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
Branden S Moriarity *Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA. mori0164@umn.edu.
University of Minnesota · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Natural killer (NK) cells are cytotoxic lymphocytes of the innate immune system capable of immune surveillance. Given their ability to rapidly and effectively recognize and kill aberrant cells, especially transformed cells, NK cells represent a unique cell type to genetically engineer to improve its potential as a cell-based therapy. NK cells do not express a T cell receptor and thus do not contribute to graft-versus-host disease, nor do they induce T cell-driven cytokine storms, making them highly suited as an off-the-shelf cellular therapy. The clinical efficacy of NK cell-based therapies has been hindered by limited in vivo persistence and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment characteristic of many cancers. Enhancing NK cell resistance to tumor inhibitory signaling through genome engineering has the potential to improve NK cell persistence in the tumor microenvironment and restore cytotoxic functions. Alongside silencing NK cell inhibitory receptors, NK cell killing can be redirected by the integration of chimeric antigen receptors (CARs). However, NK cells are associated with technical and biological challenges not observed in T cells, typically resulting in low genome editing efficiencies. Viral vectors have achieved the greatest gene transfer efficiencies but carry concerns of random, insertional mutagenesis given the high viral titers necessary. As such, this review focuses on nonviral methods of gene transfer within the context of improving cancer immunotherapy using engineered NK cells.

Indexed as

Genetic EngineeringNeoplasmsHumansImmunotherapyImmunotherapy, AdoptiveKiller Cells, NaturalReceptors, Antigen, T-CellTumor MicroenvironmentReceptors, Antigen, T-CellCell-based therapyCRISPR/CasGenome engineeringImmunotherapyLipofectionNK cellsNonviralNucleofectionTransposon

Identifiers

PMID34134774
PMCPMC8207670
OpenAlexW3172435197

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.