ArticleNutrition journal2021
Residential exposure to fast-food restaurants and its association with diet quality, overweight and obesity in the Netherlands: a cross-sectional analysis in the EPIC-NL cohort.
Article in Nutrition journal, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Longitudinal associations between fast food outlet count and inflammatory markers in the US-based nurses' health study II between 1998 and 2011.Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD · 2026Article
- Prevalence and Determinants of Fast Food Consumption Among Medical Sciences Students in Kermanshah, Iran.Scientifica · 2026Article
- Individual- and neighborhood-level factors influencing diet quality: a multilevel analysis using Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data, 2010-2019.Epidemiology and health · 2025Article
- Identifying obesogenic environment through spatial clustering of body mass index among adults.International journal of health geographics · 2024Article
- Influence of the food environment on obesity risk in a large cohort of US veterans by community type.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2024Article
- The association between the food environment and adherence to healthy diet quality: the Maastricht Study.Public health nutrition · 2023Article
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Abstract
backgroundUnhealthy food environments may contribute to unhealthy diets and risk of overweight and obesity through increased consumption of fast-food. Therefore, we aimed to study the association of relative exposure to fast-food restaurants (FFR) with overall diet quality and risk of overweight and obesity in a sample of older adults.
methodsWe analyzed cross-sectional data of the EPIC-NL cohort (n = 8,231). Data on relative FFR exposure was obtained through linkage of home address in 2015 with a retail outlet database. We calculated relative exposure to FFR by dividing the densities of FFR in street-network buffers of 400, 1000, and 1500 m around the home of residence by the density of all food retailers in the corresponding buffer. We calculated scores on the Dutch Healthy Diet 2015 (DHD15) index using data from a validated food-frequency questionnaire. BMI was categorized into normal weight (BMI < 25), overweight (25 ≤ BMI < 30), and obesity (BMI ≥ 30). We used multivariable linear regression (DHD15-index) and multinomial logistic regression (weight status), using quartiles of relative FFR exposure as independent variable, adjusting for lifestyle and environmental characteristics.
resultsRelative FFR exposure was not significantly associated with DHD15-index scores in the 400, 1000, and 1500 m buffers (β
conclusionsA high proportion of FFR around the home of residence was not associated with diet quality or overweight and obesity in this large Dutch cohort of older adults. We conclude that although the food environment may be a determinant of food choice, this may not directly translate into effects on diet quality and weight status. Methodological improvements are warranted to provide more conclusive evidence.
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