ArticleBasic and clinical andrology2021
Contribution of serum anti-Müllerian hormone in the management of azoospermia and the prediction of testicular sperm retrieval outcomes: a study of 155 adult men.
Article in Basic and clinical andrology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Anti-Müllerian Hormone as a Biomarker for Predicting Testicular Sperm Extraction Outcomes in Azoospermic Patients: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Anti-Müllerian hormone predicts positive sperm retrieval in men with idiopathic non-obstructive azoospermia-findings from a multi-centric cross-sectional study.Human reproduction (Oxford, England) · 2023Pooled it
- Delaying testicular sperm extraction in 47,XXY Klinefelter patients does not impair the sperm retrieval rate, and AMH levels are higher when TESE is positive.Human reproduction (Oxford, England) · 2022Trial
- Differentiation between nonobstructive azoospermia and obstructive azoospermia: then and now.Asian journal of andrology · 2025Review
- Male infertility as a late side effect of oncological treatment of Hodgkin lymphoma in childhood and adolescents and the possible prevention.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- Folliculogenesis resumption after ovarian cortex transplantation: what is the earliest hormonal indicator?Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2024Article
- A Prediction Model of Sperm Retrieval in Males with Idiopathic Non-obstructive Azoospermia for Microdissection Testicular Sperm Extraction.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2024Article
- Polymorphisms and expression levels of TNP2, SYCP3, and AZFa genes in patients with azoospermia.Clinical and experimental reproductive medicine · 2023Article
- Factors influencing the sperm retrieval rate of microdissection testicular sperm extraction in patients with nonmosaic Klinefelter syndrome.Asian journal of andrology · 2023Article
- Anti-Müllerian Hormone and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Women and Its Male Equivalent.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- Defining Reference Ranges for Serum Anti-Müllerian Hormone on a Large Cohort of Normozoospermic Adult Men Highlights New Potential Physiological Functions of AMH on FSH Secretion and Sperm Motility.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTesticular sperm extraction (TESE) is the method of choice for recovering spermatozoa in patients with azoospermia. However, the lack of reliable biomarkers makes it impossible to predict sperm retrieval outcomes at TESE. To date, little attention has been given to anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) serum levels in adult men with altered spermatogenesis. In this study we aimed to investigate whether serum concentrations of AMH and the AMH to total testosterone ratio (AMH/T) might be predictive factors for sperm retrieval outcomes during TESE in a cohort of 155 adult Caucasian men with azoospermia.
resultsAMH serum levels were significantly lower in nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) that was unexplained, cryptorchidism-related, cytotoxic and genetic (medians [pmol/l] = 30.1; 21.8; 26.7; 7.3; and p = 0.02; 0.001; 0.04; <0.0001, respectively]) compared with obstructive azoospermia (OA) (median = 44.8 pmol/l). Lowest values were observed in cases of genetic NOA (p < 0.0001, compared with unexplained NOA) and especially in individuals with non-mosaic Klinefelter syndrome (median = 2.3 pmol/l, p <0.0001). Medians of AMH/T values were significantly lower in genetic NOA compared to unexplained, cryptorchidism-related NOA as well as OA. Only serum concentrations of AMH differed significantly between positive and negative groups in men with non-mosaic Klinefelter syndrome. The optimal cut-off of serum AMH was set at 2.5 pmol/l. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of this cut-off to predict negative outcomes of SR were 100 %, 76.9 %, 66.6 %, 100 and 84.2 %, respectively.
conclusionsSerum AMH levels, but not AMH/T values, are a good marker for Sertoli and germ cell population dysfunction in adult Caucasian men with non-mosaic Klinefelter syndrome and could help us to predict negative outcomes of SR at TESE with 100 % sensitivity when serum levels of AMH are below 2.5 pmol/l.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.