Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34133943›Full record

ArticleCell2021

Sneezing reflex is mediated by a peptidergic pathway from nose to brainstem.

Fengxian Li, Haowu Jiang, Xiaolei Shen, Weishan Yang, Changxiong Guo, Zhiyao Wang, Maolei Xiao, Lian Cui, Wenqin Luo, Brian S Kim and 3 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cell, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
49citing papers in PubMed
5.3field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

49 citing papers in PubMed, 78 citations in OpenAlex.

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  10. Mechanisms of bacterial host-to-host transmission.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Fengxian LiDepartment of Anesthesiology, Center for the Study of Itch and Sensory Disorders, and Washington University Pain Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Haowu JiangDepartment of Anesthesiology, Center for the Study of Itch and Sensory Disorders, and Washington University Pain Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Xiaolei ShenDepartment of Anesthesiology, Center for the Study of Itch and Sensory Disorders, and Washington University Pain Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Weishan YangDepartment of Anesthesiology, Center for the Study of Itch and Sensory Disorders, and Washington University Pain Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Changxiong GuoDepartment of Anesthesiology, Center for the Study of Itch and Sensory Disorders, and Washington University Pain Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Zhiyao WangDepartment of Anesthesiology, Center for the Study of Itch and Sensory Disorders, and Washington University Pain Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Maolei XiaoDepartment of Anesthesiology, Center for the Study of Itch and Sensory Disorders, and Washington University Pain Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Lian CuiDepartment of Neuroscience, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Wenqin LuoDepartment of Neuroscience, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Brian S KimDepartment of Anesthesiology, Center for the Study of Itch and Sensory Disorders, and Washington University Pain Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Zhoufeng ChenDepartment of Anesthesiology, Center for the Study of Itch and Sensory Disorders, and Washington University Pain Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Andrew J W HuangDepartment of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Qin LiuDepartment of Anesthesiology, Center for the Study of Itch and Sensory Disorders, and Washington University Pain Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. Electronic address: qinliu@wustl.edu.
Washington University in St. Louis · USUniversity of Pennsylvania · US

Funding

The Neural Basis of Ocular SensationsR01EY024704 · NEI · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI LIU, QIN · 2014 to 2024
$4.3M
Neuroimmune Regulation of Atopic DermatitisR01AR070116 · NIAMS · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI KIM, BRIAN · 2016 to 2021
$3.8M
Natural Killer Cell Regulation of Skin InflammationR01AR077007 · NIAMS · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI KIM, BRIAN · 2021 to 2025
$2.5M
HISTAMINE-INDEPENDENT MAST CELL NERVE INTERACTIONS IN ALLERGYR01AI125743 · NIAID · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI LIU, QIN · 2016 to 2020
$1.9M
Innate Immune Regulation of Skin InflammationK08AR065577 · NIAMS · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI KIM, BRIAN · 2014 to 2018
$711k
NEI NIH HHS R01 EY024704NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI125743NIAMS NIH HHS K08 AR065577NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR070116NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR077007
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Sneezing is a vital respiratory reflex frequently associated with allergic rhinitis and viral respiratory infections. However, its neural circuit remains largely unknown. A sneeze-evoking region was discovered in both cat and human brainstems, corresponding anatomically to the central recipient zone of nasal sensory neurons. Therefore, we hypothesized that a neuronal population postsynaptic to nasal sensory neurons mediates sneezing in this region. By screening major presynaptic neurotransmitters/neuropeptides released by nasal sensory neurons, we found that neuromedin B (NMB) peptide is essential for signaling sneezing. Ablation of NMB-sensitive postsynaptic neurons in the sneeze-evoking region or deficiency in NMB receptor abolished the sneezing reflex. Remarkably, NMB-sensitive neurons further project to the caudal ventral respiratory group (cVRG). Chemical activation of NMB-sensitive neurons elicits action potentials in cVRG neurons and leads to sneezing behavior. Our study delineates a peptidergic pathway mediating sneezing, providing molecular insights into the sneezing reflex arc.

Indexed as

AnimalsBrain StemDisease Models, AnimalHypersensitivityMaleMiceMice, Inbred C57BLNeurokinin BNeuronsNeuropeptidesNoseReflexRNA, Small InterferingSensory Receptor CellsSneezingTRPV Cation ChannelsNeurokinin Bneuromedin BNeuropeptidesRNA, Small InterferingTRPV1 protein, mouseTRPV Cation Channelscaudal ventral respiratory groupnasal sensory neuronsneuropeptidesneezesneeze-evoking region

Identifiers

PMID34133943
PMCPMC8396370
OpenAlexW3166147278

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.