Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34133917›Full record

ArticleCell reports2021

Streptococcus pneumoniae binds to host GAPDH on dying lung epithelial cells worsening secondary infection following influenza.

Sang-Sang Park, Norberto Gonzalez-Juarbe, Ashleigh N Riegler, Hansol Im, Yvette Hale, Maryann P Platt, Christina Croney, David E Briles, Carlos J Orihuela

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cell reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed
4.8field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Capsule and PspA Cooperatively Confer Resistance ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Mechanisms of bacterial host-to-host transmission.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2025
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Biological puzzles solved by usingJournal of bacteriology · 2024
    Review
  14. Article
  15. Necroptosis in bacterial infections.Frontiers in immunology · 2024
    Review
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Sang-Sang ParkDepartment of Microbiology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Norberto Gonzalez-JuarbeInfectious Diseases and Genomic Medicine Group, J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, MD, USA.
Ashleigh N RieglerDepartment of Microbiology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Hansol ImDepartment of Microbiology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Yvette HaleDepartment of Microbiology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Maryann P PlattInfectious Diseases and Genomic Medicine Group, J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, MD, USA.
Christina CroneyDepartment of Microbiology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
David E BrilesDepartment of Microbiology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Carlos J OrihuelaDepartment of Microbiology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA. Electronic address: corihuel@uab.edu.
University of Alabama at Birmingham · USJ. Craig Venter Institute · US

Funding

IMMUNOLOGIC DISEASES AND BASIC IMMUNOLOGYT32AI007051 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI Laurie Ellen Harrington · 1985 to 2026
$13.1M
Cardiac microlesion formation during invasive pneumococcal diseaseR01AI114800 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCIENCE CENTER · PI Carlos J Orihuela, Herve S TETTELIN · 2015 to 2026
$5.1M
PspA binds necroptotic cells to cause disease and transmitR01AI156898 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI ORIHUELA, CARLOS J · 2020 to 2024
$2.0M
Vaccine potential of the proline-rich domain of pneumococcal surface protein AR01AI118805 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI BRILES, DAVID E · 2015 to 2019
$1.8M
Pneumococcal biofilm formation is SpxB dependentR21AI146149 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI ORIHUELA, CARLOS J · 2019 to 2020
$427k
Capsule protects intracellular pneumococci during vascular endothelial cell translocationR21AI148368 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI ORIHUELA, CARLOS J · 2020 to 2021
$408k
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI114800NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI118805NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI156898NIAID NIH HHS R21 AI146149NIAID NIH HHS R21 AI148368NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI007051
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn) alone and during co-infection with influenza A virus (IAV) can result in severe pneumonia with mortality. Pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) is an established virulence factor required for Spn evasion of lactoferricin and C-reactive protein-activated complement-mediated killing. Herein, we show that PspA functions as an adhesin to dying host cells. We demonstrate that PspA binds to host-derived glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) bound to outward-flipped phosphatidylserine residues on dying host cells. PspA-mediated adhesion was to apoptotic, pyroptotic, and necroptotic cells, but not healthy lung cells. Using isogenic mutants of Spn, we show that PspA-GAPDH-mediated binding to lung cells increases pneumococcal localization in the lower airway, and this is enhanced as a result of pneumolysin exposure or co-infection with IAV. PspA-mediated binding to GAPDH requires amino acids 230-281 in its α-helical domain with intratracheal inoculation of this PspA fragment alongside the bacteria reducing disease severity in an IAV/Spn pneumonia model.

Indexed as

Host-Pathogen InteractionsA549 CellsAnimalsBacterial ProteinsCell DeathCoinfectionEpithelial CellsFemaleGlyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate DehydrogenasesHumansInfluenza, HumanLungMiceMice, Inbred C57BLProtein BindingProtein Structure, SecondaryBacterial ProteinsGlyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenasespneumococcal surface protein Acell deathinfluenzanecroptosispathogenesispneumococcuspneumolysinpneumoniaPspAStreptococcus pneumoniaesuper-infectionsynergy

Identifiers

PMID34133917
PMCPMC8265312
OpenAlexW3168135885

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.