Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34132112›Full record

ArticleProceedings. Biological sciences2021

Florivory of Early Cretaceous flowers by functionally diverse insects: implications for early angiosperm pollination.

Lifang Xiao, Conrad Labandeira, David Dilcher, Dong Ren

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings. Biological sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Resilience of floral scent emission after florivory.Plant biology (Stuttgart, Germany) · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Evolutionary implications of a deep-time perspective on insect pollination.Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · 2025
    Review
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. DiverseHorticulture research · 2023
    Article
  8. Pollen Molecular Identification from a Long-Distance Migratory Insect,International journal of molecular sciences · 2023
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Lifang XiaoCollege of Life Science and Academy for Multidisciplinary Studies, Capital Normal University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Conrad LabandeiraCollege of Life Science and Academy for Multidisciplinary Studies, Capital Normal University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
David DilcherDepartment of Geology, Indiana University, 1001 Tenth Street, Bloomington, IN, USA.
Dong RenCollege of Life Science and Academy for Multidisciplinary Studies, Capital Normal University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Florivory (flower consumption) occurs worldwide in modern angiosperms, associated with pollen and nectar consumption. However, florivory remains unrecorded from fossil flowers since their Early Cretaceous appearance. We test hypotheses that earliest angiosperms were pollinated by a diverse insect fauna by evaluating 7858 plants from eight localities of the latest Albian Dakota Formation from midcontinental North America, in which 645 specimens (8.2%) were flowers or inflorescences. Well-preserved specimens were categorized into 32 morphotypes, nine of which displayed 207 instances of damage from 11 insect damage types (DTs) by four functional-feeding groups of hole feeding, margin feeding, surface feeding and piercing-and-sucking. We assessed the same DTs inflicted by known florivores on modern flowers that also are their pollinators, and associated insect mouthpart types causing such damage. The diverse, Dakota florivore-pollinator community showed a local pattern at Braun's Ranch of flower morphotypes 4 and 5 having piercing-and-sucking as dominant and margin feeding as minor interactions, whereas

Indexed as

MagnoliopsidaPollinationAnimalsFlowersInsectaNorth Americaflorivoryfossil plant damagefunctional-feeding groupgeneralistnectar robbingpollination

Identifiers

PMID34132112
PMCPMC8207559

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.