Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34131996›Full record

Observational studyRespirology (Carlton, Vic.)2021

Longitudinal changes in total and regional body composition in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Felipe V C Machado, Martijn A Spruit, Miranda Coenjaerds, Fabio Pitta, Niki L Reynaert, Frits M E Franssen

Open access · hybridAbstract readObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in Respirology (Carlton, Vic.), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
1.6field-weighted citation impact, top 16% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. FFMI: A Pivotal Indicator Bridging Pulmonary, Sleep, and Systemic Factors in COPD-OSA Overlap Patients.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Observational
  8. Article
  9. Observational
  10. Annual Body Weight Change and Prognosis in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Felipe V C MachadoDepartment of Research and Development, Ciro - Centre of Expertise for Chronic Organ Failure, Horn, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-1910-7695
Martijn A SpruitDepartment of Research and Development, Ciro - Centre of Expertise for Chronic Organ Failure, Horn, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-3822-7430
Miranda CoenjaerdsDepartment of Dietetics, Ciro - Centre of Expertise for Chronic Organ Failure, Horn, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-2663-7232
Fabio PittaLaboratory of Research in Respiratory Physiotherapy, Department of Physical Therapy, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0002-3369-6660
Niki L ReynaertSchool of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, NUTRIM, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Frits M E FranssenDepartment of Research and Development, Ciro - Centre of Expertise for Chronic Organ Failure, Horn, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-1633-6356
Maastricht University Medical Centre · NLUniversidade Estadual de Londrina · BRCiro · NL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

objectiveLow fat-free mass (FFM) is common in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and contributes to morbidity and mortality. Few studies have evaluated longitudinal changes in body composition in patients with COPD compared with non-COPD controls. This study aimed to compare longitudinal changes in total and regional body composition between patients with COPD and non-COPD controls and investigate predictors of changes in body composition in COPD.

methodsPatients with COPD and non-COPD controls participating in the Individualized COPD Evaluation in relation to Ageing (ICE-Age) study, a single-centre, longitudinal, observational study, were included. Subjects were assessed at baseline and after 2 years of follow-up. Among other procedures, body composition was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan. The number of exacerbations/hospitalizations 1 year before inclusion and during follow-up were assessed in patients with COPD.

resultsA total of 405 subjects were included (205 COPD, 87 smoking and 113 non-smoking controls). Patients with COPD and smoking controls presented a significant decline in total FFM (mean [95% CI]: -1173 [-1527/-820] g and -486 [-816/-156] g, respectively) while body composition remained stable in non-smoking controls. In patients with COPD, the decline in FFM was more pronounced in legs (-174 [-361/14] g) and trunk (-675 [-944/406] g) rather than in arms (54 [-19/126] g). The predictors of changes in total and regional FFM in patients with COPD were gender, number of previous hospitalizations, baseline values of FFM and BMI.

conclusionPatients with COPD present a significant decline in FFM after 2 years of follow-up, this decline is more pronounced in their legs and trunk.

Indexed as

Body CompositionPulmonary Disease, Chronic ObstructiveAbsorptiometry, PhotonAgingHumansbody compositionchronic obstructive pulmonary diseaselongitudinal changelow fat-free massphysical activitypulmonary rehabilitation

Identifiers

PMID34131996
PMCPMC8453699
OpenAlexW3167389749

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.