ArticleJournal of population economics2021
COVID-19: a crisis of the female self-employed.
Article in Journal of population economics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 2 citations in OpenAlex.
- Occurrence of Mental Illness and Mental Health Risks among the Self-Employed: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Long COVID symptom profiles, workforce participation, and working hours among adults in England: a population-based cohort study.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2026Article
- Non-standard employment, paid sick leave, and income loss during COVID-19 self-isolation: cross-sectional findings from South Korea.International journal for equity in health · 2025Article
- [Consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic: Are there risk groups for reduced subjective well-being after the first lockdown?]Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz · 2023Article
- COVID-19 Fear Impact on Israeli and Maltese Female "Help" Profession Students.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Income loss among the self-employed: implications for individual wellbeing and pandemic policy measures.Review of economics of the household · 2023Article
- Emergency-aid for self-employed in the Covid-19 pandemic: A flash in the pan?Journal Of Economic Psychology · 2022Article
- Exploring mental health disability gaps in the labour market: the UK experience during COVID-19.Labour economics · 2022Article
- The Impacts of COVID-19 Shock on Intergenerational Income Mobility: Evidence from China.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Quantifying the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on gender equality on health, social, and economic indicators: a comprehensive review of data from March, 2020, to September, 2021.Lancet (London, England) · 2022Review
- Has COVID-19 hindered small business activities? The role of Fintech.Economic analysis and policy · 2022Article
- The role of short-time work and discretionary policy measures in mitigating the effects of the COVID-19 crisis in Germany.International tax and public finance · 2022Article
- The Unequal Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Labour Market and Income Inequality in China: A Multisectoral CGE Model Analysis Coupled with a Micro-Simulation Approach.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- How Does the Involuntary Choice of Self-Employment Affect Subjective Well-Being in Small-Sized Business Workers? A Cross-Sectional Study from the Fifth Korean Working Conditions Survey.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- When the rainy day is the worst hurricane ever: the effects of governmental policies on SMEs during COVID-19.Small business economics · 2022Article
- The early impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on business sales.Small business economics · 2022Article
- Economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on entrepreneurship and small businesses.Small business economics · 2022Article
- Digital affordances: how entrepreneurs access support in online communities during the COVID-19 pandemic.Small business economics · 2022Article
- COVID-19: a crisis of the female self-employed.Journal of population economics · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We investigate how the economic consequences of the pandemic and the government-mandated measures to contain its spread affect the self-employed - particularly women - in Germany. For our analysis, we use representative, real-time survey data in which respondents were asked about their situation during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our findings indicate that among the self-employed, who generally face a higher likelihood of income losses due to COVID-19 than employees, women are about one-third more likely to experience income losses than their male counterparts. We do not find a comparable gender gap among employees. Our results further suggest that the gender gap among the self-employed is largely explained by the fact that women disproportionately work in industries that are more severely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Our analysis of potential mechanisms reveals that women are significantly more likely to be impacted by government-imposed restrictions, e.g., the regulation of opening hours. We conclude that future policy measures intending to mitigate the consequences of such shocks should account for this considerable variation in economic hardship.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.