Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34131324›Full record

ArticleNature biomedical engineering2021

Synthetic data in machine learning for medicine and healthcare.

Richard J Chen, Ming Y Lu, Tiffany Y Chen, Drew F K Williamson, Faisal Mahmood

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature biomedical engineering, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07016282 (Simulated and Synthetic Health Data), which is not on this map. Cited by 242 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
242citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07016282 active not recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Simulated and Synthetic Health Data: Improving Clinical Research on Rare Diseases. A Real-World Data Simulation of Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD) Trials. A Retrospective, Observational Study

TypeobservationalSponsorMario Negri Institute for Pharmacological ResearchRan2025 to 2027Enrolled100ConditionsAutosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD)
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

242 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  19. Molecular-Based Ecosystem to Improve Personalized Medicine in Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2026
    Article
  20. Article

182 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Richard J ChenDepartment of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0389-1331
Ming Y LuDepartment of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0009-9699
Tiffany Y ChenDepartment of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2546-2941
Drew F K WilliamsonDepartment of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1745-8846
Faisal MahmoodDepartment of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. faisalmahmood@bwh.harvard.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7587-1562

Funding

Training Program in Bioinformatics and Integrative GenomicsT32HG002295 · NHGRI · MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI Peter J Park · 2001 to 2026
$15.8M
Multimodal and Generative AI for PathologyR35GM138216 · NIGMS · BROAD INSTITUTE, INC. · PI Faisal Mahmood · 2020 to 2026
$3.4M
NHGRI NIH HHS T32 HG002295NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM138216
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

PubMed holds no abstract for this paper.

Indexed as

Carcinoma, Renal CellDatasets as TopicDelivery of Health CareDiagnosis, Computer-AssistedDiagnostic ImagingHumansImage Interpretation, Computer-AssistedInformation TheoryKidney NeoplasmsMachine LearningQuality ControlSynthetic Biology

Identifiers

PMID34131324
PMCPMC9353344

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.