ArticleBMJ open2021
Home-based virtual reality for chronic pain: protocol for an NIH-supported randomised-controlled trial.
Article in BMJ open, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Randomized-controlled Trial of Virtual Reality for Chronic Low Back Pain to Improve Patient-reported Outcomes and Physical Activity
Randomized Controlled Trial of Virtual Reality Assisted Guided Imagery (VRAGI) for Pain Management in Advanced Cancer Patients: Protocol for Efficacy, Feasibility, and Safety in a Home Setting
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy of virtual reality for pain relief in medical procedures: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Psychological therapies delivered remotely for the management of chronic pain (excluding headache) in adults.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Virtual Reality Interventions of Daily Versus Weekly Data Collection in Patient-Reported Outcomes Among Adults With Cancer: Pilot Survey Study.JMIR formative research · 2025Trial
- Randomized-controlled trial of skills-based vr vs. distraction vr vs. sham VR for chronic low back pain.NPJ digital medicine · 2026Article
- Translating behavioral interventions into virtual reality: theFrontiers in digital health · 2026Article
- Bridging the Gap: Culturally Responsive Strategies for NIH Trial Recruitment.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Feasibility and Efficacy of Commercial-Off-the-Shelf Virtual Reality Applications for Managing Chronic Pain and Enhancing Well-Being Among Older Adults in the Community: Mixed Methods Pilot Study.JMIR formative research · 2025Article
- Effects and Acceptability of a 1-Week Home-Based Virtual Reality Training for Supporting the Management of Stress and Anxiety: Randomized Pilot Trial.JMIR serious games · 2025Article
- Investigating Demographic Barriers Toward Virtual Reality Pain Efficacy in Clinical Trials: An Exploratory Mixed-Methods Study.Journal of medical extended reality · 2025Article
- Virtual Reality to Improve Sleep Quality in Patients Suffering from Painful Diabetic Polyneuropathy: A Proof of Concept Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- The Role of Virtual Reality and Artificial Intelligence in Cognitive Pain Therapy: A Narrative Review.Current pain and headache reports · 2024Review
- Reviewing the Potential Role of Artificial Intelligence in Delivering Personalized and Interactive Pain Medicine Education for Chronic Pain Patients.Journal of pain research · 2024Review
- Medical Extended Reality Trials: Building Robust Comparators, Controls, and Sham.Journal of medical Internet research · 2023Article
- Article
- The Back Pain Consortium (BACPAC) Research Program: Structure, Research Priorities, and Methods.Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.) · 2023Article
- Positive Psychological Intervention Delivered Using Virtual Reality in Patients on Hemodialysis With Comorbid Depression: Protocol and Design for the Joviality Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR research protocols · 2023Article
- Digital Therapeutics (DTx) Expand Multimodal Treatment Options for Chronic Low Back Pain: The Nexus of Precision Medicine, Patient Education, and Public Health.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Mixed Reality Platforms in Telehealth Delivery: Scoping Review.JMIR biomedical engineering · 2023Article
- VR for Pain Relief.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2023Article
- Virtual Reality Applications in Medicine During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Systematic Review.JMIR serious games · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
20 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
introductionChronic pain is highly prevalent and associated with a large burden of illness; there is a pressing need for safe, home-based, non-pharmacological, interventions. Virtual reality (VR) is a digital therapeutic known to be effective for acute pain, but its role in chronic pain is not yet fully elucidated. Here we present a protocol for the National Institute of Health (NIH) Back Pain Consortium (BACPAC) VR trial that evaluates the effectiveness of three forms of VR for patients with chronic lower back pain (cLBP), a highly prevalent form of chronic pain. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: The NIH BACPAC VR trial will randomise 360 patients with cLBP into one of three arms, each administered through a head-mounted display: 1) ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethics approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Board of Cedars-Sinai Health System in April 2020. The results will be disseminated in a peer-reviewed journal. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT04409353.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.