Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34130663›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2021

Hepatitis and tuberculosis testing are much less common than HIV testing among adults in Kisumu, Kenya: results from a cross-sectional assessment.

Joshua Tunnage, Adam Yates, Chiaka Nwoga, Valentine Sing'oei, John Owuoth, Christina S Polyak, Trevor A Crowell, RV393 Study Group

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Article in BMC public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Joshua TunnageU.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
Adam YatesU.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
Chiaka NwogaU.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
Valentine Sing'oeiHJF Medical Research International, Kisumu, Kenya.
John OwuothHJF Medical Research International, Kisumu, Kenya.
Christina S PolyakU.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
Trevor A CrowellU.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA. tcrowell@hivresearch.org.
RV393 Study Group

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundKenya has a high burden of HIV, viral hepatitis, and tuberculosis. Screening is necessary for early diagnosis and treatment, which reduces morbidity and mortality across all three illnesses. We evaluated testing uptake for HIV, viral hepatitis, and tuberculosis in Kisumu, Kenya.

methodsCross-sectional data from adults aged 18-35 years who enrolled in a prospective HIV incidence cohort study from February 2017 to May 2018 were analyzed. A questionnaire was administered to each participant at screening for study eligibility to collect behavioral characteristics and to assess prior testing practices. Among participants without a history of previously-diagnosed HIV, multivariable robust Poisson regression was used to estimate prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for factors potentially associated with HIV testing in the 12 months prior to enrollment. A hierarchical model was used to test for differential access to testing due to spatial location.

resultsOf 671 participants, 52 (7.7%) were living with HIV, 308 (45.9%) were female, and the median age was 24 (interquartile range 21-28) years. Among 651 (97.0%) who had ever been tested for HIV, 400 (61.2%) reported HIV testing in the past 6 months, 129 (19.7%) in the past 6-12 months, and 125 (19.1%) more than one year prior to enrollment. Any prior testing for viral hepatitis was reported by 8 (1.2%) participants and for tuberculosis by 51 (7.6%). In unadjusted models, HIV testing in the past year was more common among females (PR 1.08 [95% CI 1.01, 1.17]) and participants with secondary education or higher (PR 1.10 [95% CI 1.02, 1.19]). In the multivariable model, only secondary education or higher was associated with recent HIV testing (adjusted PR 1.10 [95% CI 1.02, 1.20]). Hierarchical models showed no geographic differences in HIV testing across Kisumu subcounties.

conclusionsPrior HIV testing was common among study participants and most had been tested within the past year but testing for tuberculosis and viral hepatitis was far less common. HIV testing gaps exist for males and those with lower levels of education. HIV testing infrastructure could be leveraged to increase access to testing for other endemic infectious diseases.

Indexed as

HepatitisHIV InfectionsTuberculosisAdultCohort StudiesCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHIV TestingHumansKenyaMaleProspective StudiesYoung AdultAfricaEarly diagnosisHealthcare acceptabilityHepatitisHIVHIV testingScreening practicesTesting practicesTuberculosisVoluntary counseling and testing

Identifiers

PMID34130663
PMCPMC8204299

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.