Observational studyPharmacology research & perspectives2021
Overall survival in metastatic melanoma correlates with pembrolizumab exposure and T cell exhaustion markers.
Observational study in Pharmacology research & perspectives, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Repurposing Azacitidine and Carboplatin to Prime Immune Checkpoint Blockade-resistant Melanoma for Anti-PD-L1 Rechallenge.Cancer research communications · 2022Trial
- Molecular and Genetic Markers for Malignant Melanoma: Implications for Prognosis and Therapy.Dermatopathology (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Deciphering T-cell exhaustion in the tumor microenvironment: paving the way for innovative solid tumor therapies.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Development and Validation of a Prognostic Risk Model for Patients with Advanced Melanoma Treated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.The oncologist · 2023Article
- T-cell exhaustion and stemness in antitumor immunity: Characteristics, mechanisms, and implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Overall survival in metastatic melanoma correlates with pembrolizumab exposure and T cell exhaustion markers.Pharmacology research & perspectives · 2021Observational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Trial data support an absence of an exposure-survival relationship for pembrolizumab. As these relationships remain unexamined in a real-world setting, we determined them in metastatic melanoma prospectively in an observational study. Translational objectives included identifying biomarkers of progressive disease (PD). Checkpoint blockade naïve patients receiving 2 mg/kg Q3W pembrolizumab had pharmacokinetic and clinical outcome data collected. Trough, a valid surrogate for drug exposure, was assessed using ELISA. T-cell exhaustion and chemokine markers were determined using flow cytometry. Geometric means of exposures and biomarkers were tested against objective response groups using one-way ANOVA. The cohort was split by the median into high versus low pembrolizumab exposure groups. Kaplan-Meier progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) curves were estimated for high versus low exposure, compared using the log rank test. The high pembrolizumab exposure group (n = 14) experienced substantially longer median OS (not reached vs. 48 months, p = .014), than the low exposure group (n = 14). A similar positive exposure PFS relationship was found (median not reached vs. 48 months, p = .045). The frequency of TIM-3 expression on CD4
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.