Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34128952›Full record

ArticleCardiovascular journal of Africa

The spectrum, prevalence and in-hospital outcomes of cardiovascular diseases in a South African district hospital: a retrospective study.

Philasande Mkoko, Senlika Naidoo, Mak Niazi, Atiqa Tahira, Xolile Godlwana, Ntsikelelo Ndesi, Thina Majola, Martha Pepino, Luyanda Mbanga, Zimasa Vuyo Jama and 4 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Cardiovascular journal of Africa. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.1field-weighted citation impact, top 15% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 7 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. An approach to heart failure for the public-sector primary care clinician.South African family practice : official journal of the South African Academy of Family Practice/Primary Care · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Philasande MkokoCardiac Clinic, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa. Email: mkkphi002@myuct.ac.za.
Senlika NaidooDepartment of Medicine, Dora Nginza Provincial Hospital, Port Elizabeth, South Africa.
Mak NiaziDepartment of Medicine, Dora Nginza Provincial Hospital, Port Elizabeth, South Africa.
Atiqa TahiraDepartment of Medicine, Dora Nginza Provincial Hospital, Port Elizabeth, South Africa.
Xolile GodlwanaDepartment of Medicine, Dora Nginza Provincial Hospital, Port Elizabeth, South Africa.
Ntsikelelo NdesiDepartment of Medicine, Dora Nginza Provincial Hospital, Port Elizabeth, South Africa.
Thina MajolaCardiac Clinic, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Martha PepinoDepartment of Medicine, Dora Nginza Provincial Hospital, Port Elizabeth, South Africa.
Luyanda MbangaCardiac Clinic, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Zimasa Vuyo JamaCardiac Clinic, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Nowshad AlamFaculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, East London; Department of Medicine, Nginza Hospital, Port Elizabeth, South Africa.
Brian MbheleFaculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, East London; Department of Medicine, Nginza Hospital, Port Elizabeth, South Africa.
Lokuthula MaphalalaFaculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, East London; Department of Medicine, Nginza Hospital, Port Elizabeth, South Africa.
Mpiko NtsekheCardiac Clinic, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Dora Nginza Hospital · ZAUniversity of Cape Town · ZAGroote Schuur Hospital · ZA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionThe increasing prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in South African rural communities is well reported. However, the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) leading to hospital admission and related in-hospital mortality in rural and semi-rural hospitals is unknown.

methodsWe conducted a retrospective review of hospital records for patients admitted to the Department of Internal Medicine at Dora Nginza Hospital in Port Elisabeth, South Africa between 1 April and 31 October 2016. The study focused on patients who received a primary diagnosis of CVD.

resultsDuring the seven-month study period, 4 884 patients were admitted to the unit, 1 325 of whom received a primary diagnosis of CVD, giving a prevalence of 27%. Patients with CVD had a mean (standard deviation) age of 60 (± 15) years, 32% of this patient population was younger than 55 years and 65% were female. Furthermore, 94% had a background medical history of systemic hypertension and 30% of diabetes mellitus. The three leading cardiovascular causes of hospital admission were stroke (38%), hypertensive heart disease plus heart failure (33%), and hypertensive emergency/urgency (18%). In-hospital outcome: 12.4% of patients admitted for CVD died during the index hospitalisation and strokes were responsible for 70% of the deaths.

conclusionsThe prevalence of CVD in this cohort was high and accounted for significant morbidity and mortality. Systemic hypertension was a leading risk factor in our cohort and we need to intensify efforts to diagnose and treat systemic hypertension.

Indexed as

AgedCardiovascular DiseasesFemaleHeart FailureHospitalizationHospital MortalityHospitals, DistrictHumansHypertensionMaleMiddle AgedPrevalenceRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsSocioeconomic FactorsSouth Africacardiovascular diseasein‐hospital outcomeslow‐income country

Identifiers

PMID34128952
PMCPMC8756043
OpenAlexW3208795164

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.