ReviewThe Journal of clinical investigation2021
Brain-gut axis dysfunction in the pathogenesis of traumatic brain injury.
Review in The Journal of clinical investigation, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 140 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
140 citing papers in PubMed, 209 citations in OpenAlex.
- Lycopene ameliorates intestinal barrier dysfunction following traumatic brain injury by inhibiting pyroptosis.Scientific reports · 2026Trial
- Effects of enteral nutrition protocols on nutritional indicators and prognosis in neurological ICU patients: a randomized controlled trial.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- A Four-Probiotic Regime to Reduce Surgical Site Infections in Multi-Trauma Patients.Nutrients · 2022Trial
- The potential of human milk oligosaccharides in ameliorating traumatic brain injury-induced cognitive impairment in mice.Future science OA · 2026Article
- Sunflower oil-loaded lycopene protects intestinal barrier integrity following traumatic brain injury.Journal of molecular histology · 2026Article
- A new paradigm of bidirectional regulation of the gut-spinal cord axis.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Aging-Related Changes in the Injury Response of the Peripheral Nervous System.Neuroscience bulletin · 2026Review
- Non-invasive Vagal Nerve Stimulation as a Potential Treatment for Repetitive Blast Trauma.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Gastrointestinal Dysfunction in Critically Ill Patients With Traumatic Brain Injury: Clinical Implications and Putative Mechanisms: a Narrative Review.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2026Review
- Targeting microbiota-gut-brain axis with phytochemicals: a mechanistic roadmap for dementia.Metabolic brain disease · 2026Review
- Association of Urea-to-Creatinine Ratio with Functional Outcomes in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Research progress on biomarkers of traumatic brain injury.Animal models and experimental medicine · 2026Review
- Circulating Short-Chain Fatty Acid Profile Predicts Functional Outcome After Moderate-to-Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.Critical care explorations · 2026Article
- Gastrointestinal Symptoms After Sport-Related Concussion: Prevalence and Patterns in a Multi-Cohort Analysis.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Both Gut Microbiota-Dependent and -Independent Constituents of Xinglou Chengqi Decoction Highlight Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide in Treatment of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.Chinese journal of integrative medicine · 2026Article
- Systemic Oxidative Stress and Oxidized Albumin Mediate the Pathogenic Kidney-to-Gut Crosstalk by Disrupting Intestinal Barrier Integrity.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- Feeding the injured brain: nutrients, dose, timing, and monitoring.Intensive care medicine · 2026Review
- Mesenchymal stem cell transplantation alleviated TBI-induced lung injury by inhibiting PAD4-dependent NET formation.Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
- The Effect of Traumatic Brain Injury on the Gastrointestinal System: A Comprehensive Review.Brain sciences · 2026Review
- Antibiotic-induced gut microbiome remodeling reduces neuroinflammation in traumatic brain injury.Communications biology · 2026Article
80 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a chronic and progressive disease, and management requires an understanding of both the primary neurological injury and the secondary sequelae that affect peripheral organs, including the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The brain-gut axis is composed of bidirectional pathways through which TBI-induced neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration impact gut function. The resulting TBI-induced dysautonomia and systemic inflammation contribute to the secondary GI events, including dysmotility and increased mucosal permeability. These effects shape, and are shaped by, changes in microbiota composition and activation of resident and recruited immune cells. Microbial products and immune cell mediators in turn modulate brain-gut activity. Importantly, secondary enteric inflammatory challenges prolong systemic inflammation and worsen TBI-induced neuropathology and neurobehavioral deficits. The importance of brain-gut communication in maintaining GI homeostasis highlights it as a viable therapeutic target for TBI. Currently, treatments directed toward dysautonomia, dysbiosis, and/or systemic inflammation offer the most promise.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.