ArticleFood and nutrition bulletin2021
Invariance of the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale Across Different Groups of Adolescents and Young Adults.
Article in Food and nutrition bulletin, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The role of household food insecurity in malnutrition among Indonesian children under 5 years of age: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2015-2025).Public health nutrition · 2026Pooled it
- Determinants of food insecurity among smallholder farmers in North Central Nigeria: policy implications.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Adolescent mental well-being and household food security: insights from a cross-sectional study in Irewole local government area, Osun State, Nigeria.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Bringing Child Health Closer to Families: Lessons From a Family MUAC Intervention in Urban and Rural South Africa.Maternal & child nutrition · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCross-group comparisons of household food insecurity and its associations using multiple-item scales assume that scale scores can be interpreted as identical across groups. However, scores should not be interpreted as identical across groups without evidence of measurement invariance. Noninvariant measures indicate that the underlying construct may be different across groups.
objectiveTo determine whether the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) is invariant across different groups of Ghanaian and South African youth aged 15 to 24.
methodsWe analyzed cross-sectional quantitative data from 1437 and 4165 young South Africans and Ghanaians, respectively. Multi-group confirmatory factor analysis was used to examine whether the HFIAS was invariant across different groups of youth, including sex (male or female), age group (middle adolescence, late adolescence, or emerging adulthood), and receipt of child support grant (yes or no). We assessed 3 levels of invariance: configural, metric, and scalar. The model fit between nested models was compared using χ
resultsInvariance tests indicated that the HFIAS had configural, metric, and scalar invariance across different groups of Ghanaian and South African youth. Model fit statistics across all invariance levels indicated good fit of our hypothesized model with the observed data. χ
conclusionsFood insecurity, as measured by the HFIAS, meant the same thing for different groups of Ghanaian and South African youth. Evidence of invariance means that the HFIAS scores could be interpreted as identical across youth groups in our study.
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