ArticleNature genetics2021
Fine-mapping, trans-ancestral and genomic analyses identify causal variants, cells, genes and drug targets for type 1 diabetes.
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Article in Nature genetics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 193 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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0cells of the map it votes in
193citing papers in PubMed, 8 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
193 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association of genetic variation with age at diagnosis in type 1 diabetes.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2026Pooled it
- Large-scale multi-trait genome-wide analysis for inflammatory bowel disease reveals new insights into its molecular mechanisms and emphasizes the roles of systemic immune regulation.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Harnessing Machine Learning, a Subset of Artificial Intelligence, for Early Detection and Diagnosis of Type 1 Diabetes: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Integration of GWAS, QTLs and keratinocyte functional assays reveals molecular mechanisms of atopic dermatitis.Nature communications · 2025Pooled it
- ISPAD Clinical Practice Consensus Guidelines 2024: Screening, Staging, and Strategies to Preserve Beta-Cell Function in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes.Hormone research in paediatrics · 2024Guideline
- Identifying shared genetic loci and common risk genes of rheumatoid arthritis associated with three autoimmune diseases based on large-scale cross-trait genome-wide association studies.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Pooled it
- Association of the rs1990760, rs3747517, and rs10930046 polymorphisms in theFrontiers in immunology · 2023Pooled it
- Ustekinumab for type 1 diabetes in adolescents: a multicenter, double-blind, randomized phase 2 trial.Nature medicine · 2024Trial
- ProtectiveiScience · 2026Article
- Article
- Shared non-HLA genetic architecture across diverse ancestries links insulin secretion and resistance to type 1 diabetes.Diabetologia · 2026Article
- HLA and non-HLA genetic analyses reveal suggestive variants associated with statin-induced liver injury.Hepatology communications · 2026Article
- Development and application of type 1 diabetes polygenic scores across diverse populations.Diabetologia · 2026Review
- Ultrasound-Activatable Piezoelectric Hydrogel Reprograms Mitochondrial Epigenetics for Osteoarthritis Therapy via the mTOR/GATD3A Axis.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- The nascent transcriptome delineates the regulatory landscape in human health and disease.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Toward Personalized Medicine in Type 1 Diabetes: Understanding How Patient Heterogeneity Influences Therapeutic Efficacy.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Review
- Shared Genetic Effects and Antagonistic Pleiotropy Between Multiple Sclerosis and Common Cancers.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2026Article
- A surviving beta cell subpopulation enriched in patients with T1D.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Association of prenatal glycemic marker cumulative exposure with placental DNA methylation change.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Article
133 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
32 authors at 16 institutions in 4 countries.
Catherine C Robertson *Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1120-1786
Jamie R J Inshaw *JDRF/Wellcome Diabetes and Inflammation Laboratory, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Suna Onengut-GumuscuCenter for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6563-8334
Wei-Min ChenCenter for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
David Flores Santa CruzJDRF/Wellcome Diabetes and Inflammation Laboratory, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Hanzhi YangCenter for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
Antony J CutlerJDRF/Wellcome Diabetes and Inflammation Laboratory, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9617-9994
Daniel J M CrouchJDRF/Wellcome Diabetes and Inflammation Laboratory, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Emily FarberCenter for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
S Louis BridgesDivision of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA.
Jeffrey C EdbergDivision of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Robert P KimberlyDivision of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Jane H BucknerCenter for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA.
Panos DeloukasClinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9251-070X
Jasmin DiversDivision of Health Services Research, Department of Foundations of Medicine, New York University Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY, USA.
Dana DabeleaColorado School of Public Health and Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
Jean M LawrenceDepartment of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2480-8480
Santica MarcovinaNorthwest Lipid Metabolism and Diabetes Research Laboratories, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Amy S ShahCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Carla J GreenbaumCenter for Interventional Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4451-9800
Mark A AtkinsonDepartment of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Peter K GregersenRobert S. Boas Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1613-1518
Jorge R OksenbergDepartment of Neurology and Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Flemming PociotDepartment of Pediatrics, Herlev University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Marian J RewersBarbara Davis Center for Diabetes, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
Andrea K SteckBarbara Davis Center for Diabetes, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
David B DungerDepartment of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2566-9304
Type 1 Diabetes Genetics Consortium
Linda S WickerJDRF/Wellcome Diabetes and Inflammation Laboratory, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7771-0324
Patrick ConcannonDepartment of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
John A ToddJDRF/Wellcome Diabetes and Inflammation Laboratory, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. jatodd@well.ox.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2740-8148
Stephen S RichCenter for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3872-7793
Centre for Human Genetics · GBUniversity of Virginia · USUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham · USBenaroya Research InstituteUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus · USUniversity of Florida · USCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center · USColorado School of Public Health · USKaiser Permanente · USLong Island University · USNorthwell Health · USQueen Mary University of London · GBUniversity of California, San Francisco · USUniversity of Cambridge · GBUniversity of Copenhagen · DKUniversity of Washington · US
Funding
Type 1 Diabetes Trialnet: Operations Coord. CenterU01DK061055 · NIDDK · GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI LACHIN, JOHN M · 2001 to 2008
$93.2MSupplement Proposal: Accelerated Genome Aggregation and Joint Variant Calling EffortUM1HG008853 · NHGRI · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI HALL, IRA M, MILBRANDT, JEFFREY D · 2016 to 2020
$76.2MType 1 Diabetes Genetics ConsortiumU01DK062418 · NIDDK · WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI RICH, STEPHEN S. · 2002 to 2007
$59.8MNational Dissemination of I-Corps@NCATS: Accelerating Translation through CommercializationUL1TR003096 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI GUTIERREZ, ORLANDO M, KIMBERLY, ROBERT P. · 2019 to 2023
$43.6MProject 3P01AI042288 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA · PI Todd Michael Brusko · 1997 to 2026
$32.9MUAB Center for Clinical and Translational Science (CCTS)UL1TR001417 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI KIMBERLY, ROBERT P. · 2015 to 2018
$31.4MColorado Clinical and Translational Science Institute (UL1)UL1TR000154 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI SOKOL, RONALD J. · 2012 to 2013
$20.4MType 1 Diabetes TrialNet Clinical Network HubU01DK103282 · NIDDK · BENAROYA RESEARCH INST AT VIRGINIA MASON · PI CARLA J GREENBAUM, KURT J GRIFFIN · 2014 to 2026
$14.2MProgram Project in the Genetics of SLEP01AR049084 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI KIMBERLY, ROBERT P. · 2002 to 2012
$12.7MUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus DRCP30DK116073 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI LORI SUSSEL · 2020 to 2026
$10.8MStudies of Rare Genetic Variation in the Isolated Population of SardiniaR01HL117626 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI ABECASIS, GONCALO · 2013 to 2016
$10.5MNorthwest Clinical Center for Type 1 Diabetes - TrialNetU01DK061034 · NIDDK · BENAROYA RESEARCH INST AT VIRGINIA MASON · PI GREENBAUM, CARLA J · 2001 to 2018
$10.3MDepartment of HealthHSRD VA HIR 10-001Medical Research Council G1001799NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR000154NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001417NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR003096NCCDPHP CDC HHS U01 DP000244NCCDPHP CDC HHS U01 DP000246NCCDPHP CDC HHS U01 DP000247NCCDPHP CDC HHS U01 DP000248NCCDPHP CDC HHS U01 DP000250NCCDPHP CDC HHS U01 DP000254NCCDPHP CDC HHS U18 DP002708NCCDPHP CDC HHS U18 DP002709NCCDPHP CDC HHS U18 DP002710NCCDPHP CDC HHS U18 DP002714NHGRI NIH HHS UM1 HG008853NHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201800001CNHLBI NIH HHS N01AR62278NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL117626NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL120393NIAID NIH HHS P01 AI042288NIAMS NIH HHS N01AR02247NIAMS NIH HHS P01 AR049084NIDDK NIH HHS DP3 DK111906NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK116073NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK032493NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK115694NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK116954NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK127208NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK061010NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK061034NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK061036NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK061040NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK061041NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK061042NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK061055NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK061058NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK062418NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK085453NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK085461NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK085463NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK085466NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK085499NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK085505NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK085509NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK103282NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK127404NLM NIH HHS T32 LM012416Wellcome Trust 095219Wellcome Trust 107212Wellcome Trust 108439Wellcome Trust 203141
Abstract
We report the largest and most diverse genetic study of type 1 diabetes (T1D) to date (61,427 participants), yielding 78 genome-wide-significant (P < 5 × 10
Indexed as
AllelesChromosome MappingGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenetic VariationGenomicsAutoimmunityCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1Drug DiscoveryGene ExpressionHumansMolecular Targeted TherapyProtein Interaction Mapping
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.