ReviewEye (London, England)2021
Negative electroretinograms: genetic and acquired causes, diagnostic approaches and physiological insights.
Review in Eye (London, England), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Electronegative electroretinography in inherited retinal disease: a systematic review of genotype-phenotype correlations.BMC ophthalmology · 2026Pooled it
- Characterizing a Unique Retinal Phenotype in INTS11-Associated Neurodevelopmental Disorder.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Expanding the Genotypic Landscape of Congenital Stationary Night Blindness in an Ethnically Diverse Canadian Population.Human mutation · 2026Article
- Suspected cumulative neuro-ophthalmic toxicity after chronic oral exposure to the veterinary anesthetic tiletamine: a case report.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- Genetic Spectrum of Negative Electroretinograms in a Predominantly Pediatric Cohort of 177 Patients.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Applicability of Electroretinography Measurements in Congenital PAX6-Related Aniridia.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Nyctalopia Due to Vitamin A Deficiency Secondary to Short Bowel Syndrome: When the Electroretinogram Is the Diagnostic Key.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- Understanding the phenotype of genetically associated electronegative ERG retinopathies: comparing the full-field ERG b:a ratio.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2025Article
- Genetic Loss of RORα Impairs Visual Function With Rod Bipolar Cell Degeneration In Mice.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- A Phenotypic Study of CRB1 Retinopathy Secondary to the Variant p.(Pro836Thr) Prevalent in Those of Black African Ancestry.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Analysis of the relationship between rod cell membrane currents and the photoreceptor component of electroretinograms using a cable model.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Bifocal retinal degeneration observed on ultra-widefield autofluorescence in some cases of CRX-associated retinopathy.Eye (London, England) · 2025Article
- Monogenic Retinal Diseases Associated With Genes Encoding Phototransduction Proteins: A Review.Clinical & experimental ophthalmology · 2025Review
- Expanding the Clinical Spectrum ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- [A rare differential diagnosis of suspected hereditary optic nerve atrophy].Die Ophthalmologie · 2025Article
- Ocular manifestations in autism spectrum disorder.International journal of ophthalmology · 2025Review
- N-Acetylcysteine Ameliorates Loss of the Electroretinogram b-wave in a Bardet-Biedl Syndrome Type 10 Mouse Model.Journal of experimental neurology · 2025Article
- Optical coherence tomography and electroretinography in pituitary macroadenomas: a 12-month analysis by age and tumor type.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Observational
- Electroretinography.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025Review
- Novel Splice-Altering Variants in theGenes · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The dark-adapted human electroretinogram (ERG) response to a standard bright flash includes a negative-going a-wave followed by a positive-going b-wave that crosses the baseline. An electronegative waveform (or negative ERG) results when the b-wave is selectively reduced such that the ERG fails to cross the baseline following the a-wave. In the context of a normally sized a-wave, it indicates a site of retinal dysfunction occurring after phototransduction (commonly at the photoreceptor to bipolar cell synapse). This is an important finding. In genetic disease, the pattern of ERG abnormality can point to variants in a small group of genes (frequently those associated with congenital stationary night blindness and X-linked retinoschisis, but negative ERGs can also be seen in other conditions including syndromic disease). In acquired disease, there are numerous causes, but specific features may point to melanoma-associated retinopathy (MAR). In some cases, the visual symptoms precede the diagnosis of the melanoma and so the ERG findings can initiate investigations facilitating early detection and treatment. Negative ERGs can occur in other paraneoplastic conditions, and in a range of other diseases. This review will outline the physiological basis for the negative ERG, report prevalences in the literature from different cohorts, discuss the range of causes, displaying examples of a number of ERG phenotypes, highlight features of a clinical approach to patients, and briefly discuss further insights relating to current flows shaping the a-wave trough and from single-cell transcriptome analysis.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.