ArticleOncogene2021
Statins reduce castration-induced bone marrow adiposity and prostate cancer progression in bone.
Article in Oncogene, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Leptin levels are associated with coronary artery calcification in patients with advanced prostate cancer.The oncologist · 2025Trial
- Establishment and validation of serum lipid-based nomogram for predicting the risk of prostate cancer.BMC urology · 2023Trial
- Article
- Bone marrow cellular profile in patients with diabetes: association of statin therapy with CD34+ cells.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Observational
- Modeling the effects of radiation on the bone tumor microenvironment: opportunities for exploring combination therapies in microphysiologic systems.Cellular & molecular biology letters · 2025Review
- Bone Marrow Adipocytes as Novel Regulators of Metabolic Homeostasis: Clinical Consequences of Bone Marrow Adiposity.Current obesity reports · 2025Review
- Metabolic adaptations in prostate cancer.British journal of cancer · 2024Review
- Article
- Review
- Review
- Retinoic Acid Receptor Activation Reduces Metastatic Prostate Cancer Bone Lesions by Blocking the Endothelial-to-Osteoblast Transition.Cancer research · 2022Article
- Role of Lipids and Lipid Metabolism in Prostate Cancer Progression and the Tumor's Immune Environment.Cancers · 2022Review
- The Integration of Metabolomics with Other Omics: Insights into Understanding Prostate Cancer.Metabolites · 2022Review
- Adipocyte-Cancer Cell Interactions in the Bone Microenvironment.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
- Statins: a repurposed drug to fight cancer.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
A fraction of patients undergoing androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for advanced prostate cancer (PCa) will develop recurrent castrate-resistant PCa (CRPC) in bone. Strategies to prevent CRPC relapse in bone are lacking. Here we show that the cholesterol-lowering drugs statins decrease castration-induced bone marrow adiposity in the tumor microenvironment and reduce PCa progression in bone. Using primary bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) and M2-10B4 cells, we showed that ADT increases bone marrow adiposity by enhancing BMSC-to-adipocyte transition in vitro. Knockdown of androgen receptor abrogated BMSC-to-adipocyte transition, suggesting an androgen receptor-dependent event. RNAseq analysis showed that androgens reduce the secretion of adipocyte hormones/cytokines including leptin during BMSC-to-adipocyte transition. Treatment of PCa C4-2b, C4-2B4, and PC3 cells with leptin led to an increase in cell cycle progression and nuclear Stat3. RNAseq analysis also showed that androgens inhibit cholesterol biosynthesis pathway, raising the possibility that inhibiting cholesterol biosynthesis may decrease BMSC-to-adipocyte transition. Indeed, statins decreased BMSC-to-adipocyte transition in vitro and castration-induced bone marrow adiposity in vivo. Statin pre-treatment reduced 22RV1 PCa progression in bone after ADT. Our findings with statin may provide one of the mechanisms to the clinical correlations that statin use in patients undergoing ADT seems to delay progression to "lethal" PCa.
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Registered trials
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