ArticleJournal for immunotherapy of cancer2021
Association between body mass index, dosing strategy, and efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Article in Journal for immunotherapy of cancer, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Before-treatment body mass index as a prognostic factor in cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Spotlight on Clinical In-Use Parameters for Intravenous Infusion of Therapeutic Antibodies: A Systematic Review.Pharmaceutical research · 2025Pooled it
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors-related thyroid dysfunction: influencing factor analysis, prediction model development, and management strategy proposal.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2024Pooled it
- Prognostic Value of the Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index in Advanced Endometrial Cancer Treated with Pembrolizumab-Lenvatinib: A Retrospective Real-World Study.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2026Observational
- Combination Immunotherapy as a Promising Strategy to Overcome Immunotherapy Resistance: From Emergence to Next-Generation Approaches.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Metabolic syndrome and immune-related adverse events.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2026Article
- Review
- The Role of Body Mass Index in Determining the Efficacy of Nivolumab for Patients with Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2025Article
- Characteristics of second primary malignancies following bispecific antibodies therapy.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Article
- Incidence and correlates of high-grade chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy in patients with lung cancer.The oncologist · 2025Article
- Observational
- Immunotherapy combined with definitive chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced unresectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Effect of preoperative nutritional risk index on 30-day postoperative complications in patients with gastric cancer: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- The multifactorial effect of obesity on the effectiveness and outcomes of cancer therapies.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2024Review
- Host ANGPTL2 establishes an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and resistance to immune checkpoint therapy.Cancer science · 2024Article
- Body mass index and type 2 diabetes mellitus as metabolic determinants of immune checkpoint inhibitors response in melanoma.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2024Article
- Potential roles of sex-linked differences in obesity and cancer immunotherapy: revisiting the obesity paradox.npj metabolic health and disease · 2024Review
- Prognostic value of obesity in patients with cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: An updated meta‑analysis and systematic review.Molecular and clinical oncology · 2024Article
- Nutrition in HNSCC: is it a matter for oncologists? The role of multidisciplinary team-a narrative literature review.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Review
- Nutritional risk index predicts the prognosis of gastric cancer patients with pyloric stenosis who received preoperative parenteral nutrition.Oncology letters · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIncreased body mass index (BMI) has been associated with improved response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in multiple cancer types. We evaluated associations between BMI, ICI dosing strategy, and clinical outcomes.
methodsWe abstracted clinical data on patients with cancer treated with ICI, including age, sex, cancer type, BMI, ICI type, dosing strategy (weight-based or fixed), radiographic response, overall survival (OS), and progression-free survival (PFS). We compared clinical outcomes between low-BMI and high-BMI populations using Kaplan-Meier curves, Cox regressions, and Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients.
resultsA total of 297 patients were enrolled, of whom 40% were women and 59% were overweight (BMI≥25). Of these, 204 (69%) received fixed and 93 (31%) received weight-based ICI dosing. In the overall cohort, overweight BMI was associated with improved PFS (HR 0.69; 95% CI 0.51 to 0.94; p=0.02) and had a trend toward improved OS (HR 0.77; 95% CI 0.57 to 1.04; p=0.08). For both endpoints, improved outcomes in the overweight population were limited to patients who received weight-based ICI dosing (PFS HR 0.53; p=0.04 for weight-based; vs HR 0.79; p=0.2 for fixed dosing) (OS HR 0.56; p=0.03 for weight-based; vs HR 0.89; p=0.54 for fixed dosing). In multivariable analysis, BMI was not associated with PFS or OS. However, the interaction of BMI≥25 and weight-based dosing had a trend toward association with PFS (HR 0.53; 95% CI 0.26 to 1.10; p=0.09) and was associated with OS (HR 0.50; 95% CI 0.25 to 0.99; p=0.05). Patients with BMI<25 tended to have better outcomes with fixed-dose compared with weight-based ICI, while patients with BMI≥25 tended to have better outcomes with weight-based ICI, although these differences did not achieve statistical significance. There was no association between radiographic response and BMI with fixed-dose ICI (p=0.97), but a near-significant trend with weight-based ICI (p=0.1). In subset analyses, the association between BMI, ICI dosing strategy, and clinical outcomes appeared limited to men.
conclusionsThe clinical benefit of ICI in high-BMI populations appears limited to individuals receiving weight-based ICI dosing. Further research into optimal ICI dosing strategies may be warranted.
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