SynthesisHuman factors2023
Causal Relationship Between the Risk Factors and Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Professional Drivers: A Systematic Review.
Synthesis in Human factors, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk factors for low back pain amongst adults in Nigeria and South Africa: a systematic review.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2024Pooled it
- Effects of a Postural Hammock in People with Chronic Neck Pain and Chronic Low Back Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Trial
- The effect of home exercises with kinesiotaping on pain, functionality, and work performance in bus drivers with non-specific neck pain.Journal of back and musculoskeletal rehabilitation · 2024Trial
- Musculoskeletal health and mental well-being of occupational two-wheeler delivery drivers from Mumbai metropolitan region.The Indian journal of medical research · 2026Article
- Association between musculoskeletal disorders and health-related quality of life in Chilean and Spanish taxi drivers.AIMS public health · 2026Article
- The Effectiveness of Ergonomic Intervention in Work-related Postures and Upper Crossed Syndrome of Metal Industry Workers.La Medicina del lavoro · 2025Article
- Work-Related Disorders in Public Transportation Drivers and the Length of Exposure.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Global Trends in Risk Factors for Low Back Pain: An Analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study Data From 1990 to 2021.Arthritis care & research · 2025Article
- Facilitators and Barriers to Implementing Interventions to Prevent Musculoskeletal Disorders in Blue-Collar Workers: A Scoping Review.Journal of occupational rehabilitation · 2024Article
- Occupational stress and musculoskeletal disorders in firefighters: the mediating effect of depression and job burnout.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Effects of a Therapeutic Exercise Protocol for Patients with Chronic Non-Specific Back Pain in Primary Health Care: A Single-Group Retrospective Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) and its association with modifiable risk factors in metropolitan bus transit drivers: A cross-sectional comparison.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2023Article
- Comparative Ergonomic Study Examining the Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorder Symptoms of Taiwanese and Thai Workers in a Tape Manufacturing Factory.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Low Back Pain and Upper-Extremity Musculoskeletal Disorders in French Postal Workers Driving Light-Duty Vehicles for Mail and Parcel Delivery.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Job satisfaction and perceived workload in the context of personality typology among subway train drivers.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Article
- Self-Reported Musculoskeletal Disorder Symptoms among Bus Drivers in the Taipei Metropolitan Area.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThis review evaluates the evidence on the strength of causal relationship between categories of risk factors (RFs) and work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) among professional drivers.
backgroundA compilation of evidence on the causal relationship between RFs and WRMSDs among professional drivers is lacking.
methodsA systematic search of the literature was conducted in major electronic data bases that include Medline (1946 + via OvidSP), Embase (1974 + OvidSP), CINAHL (1982+), AMED, and Web of Science. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed and scored. A descriptive analysis on the categories of RFs associated with WRMSDs was conducted. The Bradford-Hill causation criteria and evidence interpretation tool were used to evaluate the causal relationship between RFs and WRMSDs in professional drivers.
resultsAmong the 54 studies reviewed, a strong evidence suggests a causal relationship between RFs such as whole-body vibration, awkward postures, lifting tasks, manual material handling, job stress, job demand, and previous pain episodes with WRMSDs. Moderate evidence was observed on RFs such as uncomfortable seat and low job satisfaction. The evidence on causal relationship between RFs such as years of professional driving, driving duration, and individual characteristics such as age and body mass index was inconclusive.
conclusionThere is strong to moderate evidence on the causal relationship between the physical and psychosocial RFs and WRMSDs among professional drivers. APPLICATION: Potential application of this review highlights evidence to occupational health practitioners, policy makers, and stakeholders on the strength of causal relationship between RFs and WRMSDs among professional drivers.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.