ArticleThe American journal of pathology2021
Multiple Lesions Contribute to Infertility in Males Lacking Autoimmune Regulator.
Article in The American journal of pathology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Insights into the Genetic and Epigenetic Landscape of Endocrine Autoimmunity: A Systematic Review.Genes · 2025Pooled it
- Immunoregulatory mechanisms between epithelial clear cells and mononuclear phagocytes in the epididymis.Andrology · 2024Pooled it
- On-slide Preparation ofbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Chronic inflammation drives epididymal tertiary lymphoid structure formation and autoimmune fertility disorders in mice.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Autoimmune regulator deficiency causes sterile epididymitis and impacts male fertility through disruption of inorganic physiology.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2025Article
- Immune Microenvironment Dysregulation: A Contributing Factor to Obesity-Associated Male Infertility.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Tolerance Induction Strategies in Organ Transplantation: Current Status and Future Perspectives.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2025Review
- Regulatory T cells play a crucial role in maintaining sperm tolerance and male fertility.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- CX3CR1 deficiency leads to impairment of immune surveillance in the epididymis.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2022Article
- AIRE in Male Fertility: A New Hypothesis.Cells · 2022Article
- Mechanism of Inflammatory Associated Impairment of Sperm Function, Spermatogenesis and Steroidogenesis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
- Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Male Infertility: A Narrative Review.Reproductive medicine and biologyReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Male factors, including those of autoimmune origin, contribute to approximately 50% of infertility cases in humans. However, the mechanisms underlying autoimmune male infertility are poorly understood. Deficiency in autoimmune regulator (AIRE) impairs central immune tolerance because of diminished expression of self-antigens in the thymus. Humans with AIRE mutations and mice with engineered ablation of Aire develop multiorgan autoimmunity and infertility. To determine the immune targets contributing to infertility in male Aire-deficient (
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.