ReviewClinical pharmacokinetics2021
Antimicrobial Dose Reduction in Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy: Myth or Real Need? A Practical Approach for Guiding Dose Optimization of Novel Antibiotics.
Review in Clinical pharmacokinetics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Integrating CRRT as a Virtual Organ Into Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling to Optimize Antimicrobial Dosing in Septic Patients.CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 2026Article
- Continuous renal replacement therapy for septic shock: practicalities for a pediatric intensivist.European journal of pediatrics · 2026Review
- Impact of extracorporeal circuits on systemic drug levels - a scoping review.Journal of anesthesia, analgesia and critical care · 2026Review
- The time has come for optimizing beta-lactam therapy in critically ill patients with renal dysfunction.Intensive care medicine · 2026Article
- PK/PD study of ceftazidime/avibactam in patients with severe intra-abdominal infections treated by continuous veno-venous hemofiltration.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2026Article
- Treatment of central nervous system infections caused byFrontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Model-Informed Ceftazidime-Avibactam Dosing Stratified by Renal Function and Renal Replacement Therapy Status in Critically Ill Patients: A Prospective Population Pharmacokinetic and Monte Carlo Simulation Study.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Article
- [Drug-drug interactions in critically ill patients].Medizinische Klinik, Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin · 2025Review
- Antimicrobial dosing considerations in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury: A review.World journal of nephrology · 2025Review
- Investigation of the Prognostic Value of Novel Laboratory Indices in Patients with Sepsis in an Intensive Care Unit: A Retrospective Observational Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Do Critically Ill Patients Undergoing Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy Require Ceftaroline Dosage Adjustments? Ceftaroline PopPK Model and Dosage Simulations with the Probability of Target Attainment Analysis Based on Retrospective Data.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Article
- Population pharmacokinetic analysis of remimazolam after continuous infusion for sedation in critically ill patients.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Population pharmacokinetics of teicoplanin and dosage optimization in sepsis patients based on continuous renal replacement therapy.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Clinical outcomes and emergence of resistance ofAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2024Article
- Risk Factors Associated with Antibiotic Exposure Variability in Critically Ill Patients: A Systematic Review.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Prospective Audit and Feedback for Antimicrobial Treatment of Patients Receiving Renal Replacement Therapy in Community-Based University Hospitals: A before-and-after Study.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Efficacy of immediate versus delayed renal replacement therapy in septic patients undergoing continuous renal replacement therapy.American journal of translational research · 2024Article
- Which Are the Best Regimens of Broad-Spectrum Beta-Lactam Antibiotics in Burn Patients? A Systematic Review of Evidence from Pharmacology Studies.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Real-Time TDM-Based Expert Clinical Pharmacological Advice Program for Attaining Aggressive Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Target of Continuous Infusion Meropenem in the Treatment of Critically Ill Patients with Documented Gram-Negative Infections Undergoing Continuous Veno-Venous Hemodiafiltration.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Acute kidney injury represents a common complication in critically ill patients affected by septic shock and in many cases continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) may be required. In this scenario, antimicrobial dose optimization is highly challenging as the extracorporeal circuit may cause several pharmacokinetic alterations, which add up to volume of distribution and clearance variations resulting from sepsis. Variations in CRRT settings (i.e. modality of solute removal, type of filter material, blood flow rate and effluent flow rate), coupled with the presence of residual and/or recovering renal function, may cause dynamic variations in the clearance of hydrophilic antimicrobials. This means that dose reduction may not always be needed. Nowadays, the lack of pharmacokinetic data for novel antimicrobials during CRRT limits evidence-based dose recommendations for critically ill patients in this setting, thus making available evidence hardly applicable in real-world scenarios. This review aims to summarize the major determinants involved in antimicrobial clearance, and the available pharmacokinetic studies performed during CRRT involving novel antibiotics used for the management of multidrug-resistant Gram-positive and Gram-negative infections (namely ceftolozane-tazobactam, ceftazidime-avibactam, cefiderocol, imipenem-relebactam, meropenem-vaborbactam, ceftaroline, ceftobiprole, dalbavancin, and fosfomycin), providing a practical approach in guiding dose optimization in this special population.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.